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Dyslexia in Children - Causes, Signs and Treatment
Dyslexia is a learning disorder characterised by the inability of children to read and comprehend spellings; it is a common condition that affects growing children. The disorder often comes across as an intellectual disability, with a lot of social stigmas associated with it too. However, the condition is not a disability - it is merely the result of a lack of coordination between the hemispheres in the brain.
In many cases, dyslexic children have been thought to have a loss of vision or hearing or even considered to be impaired in terms of intelligence. These are nothing but myths, dyslexia does not signify any sort of impairments in the child. Let’s find out what dyslexia is, and how it can affect the life of a child.
What is Dyslexia?
In simple words, dyslexia is a learning disorder that can affect the reading, spelling and even speaking skills of a child. In most cases, the child seems smart and hardworking, but might not be able to spell simple words. However, dyslexia should not be confused with a learning disability. It is classified as a ‘special learning difficulty’, and occurs as a result of the right and left hemispheres of the brain not working well together. It is estimated that around ten percent of children have dyslexia, and the condition can be a lifelong one, too. Even though the disorder can be defined in a lot of ways, the most prominent symptom is that the child is unable to read and write well and spell basic words.
What are the Possible Causes of Dyslexia in Kids?
Even though extensive research has been carried out, the exact cause of dyslexia has not been found out. However, some of the possible causes are:
Genes: It has been found that dyslexia commonly runs in families, which means that a child is more likely to be dyslexic if his parents or grandparents were affected by the condition. Around 2 out of 5 siblings of children with dyslexia have the condition too, and around half of the parents of such children would have had this condition too. It was found that the genes associated with reading and comprehension were affected in children with dyslexia.
Brain Anatomy: In studies conducted among dyslexic children, it was found that the parts of the brain which were supposed to be active during reading and comprehension in normal people did not function as expected among the affected children. Therefore, dyslexia has been associated with problems in the functioning of the brain.
Signs and Symptoms of Dyslexia
There are many dyslexic child symptoms, a few of which have been given below in an age-wise manner.
Preschool: The child has difficulty understanding whether two words rhyme, and also struggles with learning new words. He also has difficulties in matching particular sounds to their letters.
Grade School: The child may have trouble taking away or adding a sound from a word. Simple word problems in math are also difficult, and the child cannot remember spellings of words properly.
Middle School: Spellings of words are frequently wrong, and the child has trouble reading passages or sentences. The reading level of the child is far lower than the level in which he speaks.
High School: Similar to middle school, the child exhibits a much lower reading level compared to his peers. He might also prefer to answer multiple-choice questions compared to fill-in-the-blanks or sentences.
Different Issues that can Co-Occur with Dyslexia in Kids
Dyslexia does not just affect the reading skills of the child, it can have an impact on many other fronts as well. Some of these issues which can occur alongside dyslexia in the child are given here.
ADHD: Children with dyslexia often exhibit a lack of concentration, with almost 40% of dyslexic children having this condition too. This makes reading and other activities even more difficult for the child.
Executive Functioning Issues: Dyslexia can spill over into other learning processes in the child, too. Functions of flexible thinking, working memory, and organization can also get affected due to dyslexia.
Processing Speed: Children with dyslexia are unable to process anything quickly, so the child is generally slow to respond to any form of information they receive. A lack of basic reading skills and difficulties in understanding what they have read can make life harder for the children.
Auditory Processing Disorder: The ability of the child to comprehend what he hears is also affected by the onset of dyslexia. In dyslexic children, this causes an inability to differentiate between letter sounds and in sounding out new words.
Visual Processing Cues: Parents of dyslexic children most commonly hear complaints from their children about letters ‘hopping around’ on the page. This occurs as a result of problems with visual processing and can result in blurry vision and problems in writing letters from memory.
Dysgraphia: Children have issues with organizing their thoughts on paper. Therefore, the child is unable to spell properly or form letters and numbers.
Dyscalculia: Math skills are also affected. Some children are unable to count while having dyslexia.
Dyslexia Diagnosis in Children
The only sure way to check if your child has dyslexia is to make him undergo a full, comprehensive evaluation. You have to remember to check for any other medical problems associated with vision and hearing which may be causing these symptoms. The diagnosis can be carried out by school psychologists, clinical psychologists, or paediatric neuropsychologists. The process is done using tests, and any other issues affecting the child might also be evaluated. Parents may be required to fill in details of any family history in dyslexia if required.
Negative Effects of Dyslexia on Kids
Children affected with dyslexia not only have a hard time performing in academics but also have difficulties in other walks of life. Inability to speak quickly and do basic math can hinder social interactions, which leads to frustration in the child. The child may also feel overwhelmed with the world at large, considering the number of letters one has to comprehend in order to get through the day.
How is Dyslexia Treated in Children?
After the dyslexia test for children has confirmed that your child is affected by the condition, the next step is about how it can be treated or managed. The only way to help children with this condition is to teach them individually, by using three-dimensional modelling using clay to help the child learn letters and words. Education specialists and speech therapists can help too.
How to Teach a Child with Dyslexia?
The question as to how to teach a dyslexic child to read has been puzzling parents for a time, and some methods and tips are given below.
You have to get the help of professionals and teachers for a more individualised experience for your child.
You need to explore how you can improve the reading comprehension of your child.
Use software, apps, or similar browser tools to help your child learn well.
Use audiobooks available on a range of subjects so that your child is not put off by the reading part of learning.
Discover the strengths of your child, and teach the topics keeping those in mind.
Things You Can Do to Help Your Child with Dyslexia
There are many things that you can do as a parent to help your child with dyslexia:
Listen to audiobooks and read them along with your child.
Ensure that your child reads as much as possible, both quietly and aloud.
Read his favourite books aloud, even if it seems boring.
Make the process of learning playful, with songs, poems or even dances to help them remember things.
Play a lot of word games, which can improve his spellings.
For younger children, you can play silly rhyming games and use nursery rhymes, too.
Use new learning methods like software and tablets to help your child understand better.
Always remain organized, and split all homework into manageable chunks that the child can do on his own.
Always celebrate the small success of your child.
Do not expect perfection from your child, and believe that he is trying as hard as he can.
Tell him that you love him often, and be there for him emotionally. Never let him feel overwhelmed.
Dyslexia is a disorder that cannot be prevented or cured. It affects the day-to-day life of a child in a huge manner. However, parents can help their dyslexic children grow normally, and be a part of society with a little extra support and help.
Also Read: Developmental Delay in Kids Read more
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It's Okay If You Want to Be Away From Your Child for Some Time - Don't Feel Guilty!
I have been a mother for 10 months now and it has been the most amazing experience ever. But there were times when I used to wish that somebody could just take my child out for a stroll for some time and that I could be alone. Later, I used to feel guilty that I felt that way. But I have realised with time that it's completely okay to be tired of being around your child because you need some time to yourself as well. This feeling does not make you a bad mother nor does it mean that you don't love your child. It just means that you need some time to recharge your batteries before you get into your Supermom suit again.It's fine if you want some time away from your child but when you are with him, make sure you are with him wholeheartedly as he's growing up every day. Kids become very curious and are always discovering new things as they grow older - trying to taste, pull and touch something or the other. This is how they learn about everything around them but this can be dangerous as well. Play with your child as much as you can. Also, talk to your child all the time when you are with him.My child hasn't started to talk yet but he is always conversing with me. He is always trying to say something to me, so I just answer him and laugh with him as if I understand what he is saying. He loves it when I do that and he seems very happy when we talk. We talk to each other all the time; after all, you don't need a language for love.
So, it is okay if you want to be away from your child for a while. There is nothing to feel guilty about, but when you're with him, don't forget to pay attention to your child. Being away from your child is not neglecting your child, but being with your child and not paying attention to him surely is.
Disclaimer: The views, opinions and positions (including content in any form) expressed within this post are those of the author alone. The accuracy, completeness and validity of any statements made within this article are not guaranteed. We accept no liability for any errors, omissions or representations. The responsibility for intellectual property rights of this content rests with the author and any liability with regards to infringement of intellectual property rights remains with him/her. Read more
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Sex Play In Preschoolers
In this age, where we hear horror stories about abuse every day, any parent will be alarmed by the sight of his child playing with his own or another child’s genitals. But this is actually a normal part of growing up and needs to be dealt with that way. Here’s how to identify what’s okay and what needs attention in preschoolers’ sex play.=
As parents, we consider our young ones as little angels, brimming with innocence and love. With this image in mind, it might be a little shocking to learn that even our innocent preschoolers have a sexuality of their own. While child sexuality is different from that of adults, it does exist and usually presents itself in the form of playing ‘doctor’.
What Is Sex Play In Children?
Sex play in children usually refers to taking off their own or another child’s clothes and playing with one’s genitals. The trigger behind these actions is not arousal as it is in adults, it is plain curiosity. Your child is just exploring a part of his body that is usually kept covered. We often play with babies, pointing out their noses or hands, but we don’t do that with their privates, which makes it a less familiar body part.
Another fact is that if preschoolers realize the difference between the sexes, they can usually identify a man or a woman based on external appearance. But while playing doctor with a friend of the opposite gender, they realize more differences in their body parts – one has a penis, the other doesn’t. This leads to more curiosity which in turn results in further exploration.
Is Sex Play In Preschoolers Harmful?
Not at all; sex play is a normal and healthy part of growing up. It is your child’s first realisation about how different men’s bodies and women’s bodies are. Children might engage in sex play with other children of the same gender or the opposite one. This is absolutely no indication of their future sexual orientation or of promiscuous behaviour.
Touching their genitals might give kids a mild feeling of pleasure, which might make them want to do it again. This is normal too, although you can explain about appropriate behavior using the tips mentioned below.
How Can One Deal With A Child Engaging In Sex Play?
The first thing that one must not do is shaming the child. It might be a little unsettling to catch your child in the act, but remember that humiliating him might scar him for life. Instead, try out these tips:
Explain that private parts are private for a reason; they should always be covered and can’t be shown to anyone. You can explain the ‘swimsuit rule’ for more clarity. Just as they can’t allow another person to see or touch their privates, they shouldn’t see or touch another person’s too.
Tell them that there are some things that are not done in public, like peeing for example. You needn’t go into too much detail here; your child just needs to understand the basic concept of privacy.
Ask them why they were doing it, they might ask you the real question behind their curiosity. Give them as honest an answer as is age-appropriate, but don’t brush it aside. This will give them the confidence to come to you again when they have questions.
Let the parents of the other child know about the incident too, so that they can use it as a learning opportunity as well. If it worries you too much, let the children play in your presence, so you can study their behavior better.
Keep a watch on the kind of TV shows or movies your children are watching and ensure that they aren’t exposed to anything that they aren’t ready for.
What Is Not Normal In Preschoolers’ Sex Play?
Usually, normal sex play happens between the children of more or less the same age, and is usually a light-hearted act, accompanied by laughs. The children are usually not scared or guilty when caught. They generally stop once their parents explain about appropriate behavior.
While plain, curious sex play is normal, there are certain markers that aren’t, such as these:
The sex play is between children more than three years apart in age.
The play is very explicit, more like what adults do.
One child is being forced into playing with the other or is being asked to keep it a secret.
The child can’t seem to stop playing with his genitals, even after being asked to stop.
Other areas of the child’s life are affected – diet, socializing, mood, school.
If you notice any of these, it can be abuse or some kind of illness, ranging from physical to emotional. In any case, be sure to talk to your doctor who’ll refer you to the right specialist.
The most important thing to remember is to stay calm in every situation and keep your child’s well-being in focus. Never use force or harsh words; most kids are satisfied with a short, gentle explanation. Keep communication channels open with your kid and your kid will reward you with complete honesty on his part. Read more
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Apricot smoothie
Apricots are a sweet and tart fruit. They contain antioxidant vitamins A and C and the amino acid, tryptophan. Carotenoids in apricots may help prevent heart disease, reduce cholesterol and protect against certain cancers. Apricots may help protect vision and prevent constipation. Lycopene present may protect against prostate cancer.
Serves
Preparation Time
Cooking Time
2 People
5 Minutes
1 Minutes
Ingredients
10 apricots, cut in half and seed removed
1/4 cup plain yogurt
1/2 cup milk
2 tbsps (tablespoons) honey
1 tsp (teaspoon) vanilla
Method
Step 1
Blend all ingredients in blender until smooth.
Step 2
Pour into two chilled glasses and serve!
Nutritional Information
Servings: 1 cup
Calories
131
Sodium
55 mg
Total Fat
2 g
Potassium
0 mg
Saturated
1 g
Total Carbs
22 g
Polyunsaturated
0 g
Dietary Fiber
0 g
Monounsaturated
0 g
Sugars
21 g
Trans
0 g
Protein
5 g
Cholesterol
0 mg
Vitamin A
0%
Calcium
0%
Vitamin C
0%
Iron
0%
*Percent Daily Values are based on a 2000 calorie diet.
Your daily values may be higher or lower depending on your calorie needs.
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Dr Sameer awadhiya has added a new answer
Guardian of 0 children
5 hours ago
Q. mere twins baby hai boy nd girl one month 8 days when I check eye and ear which month
Dr Sameer awadhiya
Paediatrician
5 hours ago
A. For the query asked needs consultation with doctor for proper guidance so it is better that the doctor will guide you the correct way .
Online consultation can also be taken jjand the expert will give you the proper answer .
Ankita Mehta has added a new answer
Guardian of 0 children
3 hours ago
Q. is white discharge in 8th month normal?
Ankita Mehta
Mom of a 8 yr 7 m old girl
3 hours ago
A. hi
yes
but if it is too thick or clear like water,if there other symptoms like itching, irritation, redness,foul smell from vagina, please visit your gynecologist
Dr Vandan H Kumar has added a new answer
Guardian of 0 children
3 hours ago
Q. My son is 5 months old is suffering from cough..what to do?
Dr Vandan H Kumar
Paediatrician
2 hours ago
A. give nasal saline drops every few hourly to the child in the nasal cavity.
try to prevent temperature variations around the child
you can go for indirect steam inhalation which will again help in decreasing both cough and cold
continue the regular diet of the child
if there is no improvement in few days then meet your doctoru
for fever and pain give paracetamol.u
anti-cold medicines at this age have got side effects so can be given only after medical consultation.
POOJA KOTHARI has added a new answer
Expecting Mom due in 6 months
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Q. hi. in Feb my period was last and I did pregnancy test in March its positive results but my belly is not being bigger
POOJA KOTHARI
Mom of a 7 yr 1 m old boy
2 hours ago
A. Typically, your bump becomes noticeable during your second trimester. Between 16-20 weeks, your body will start showing your baby's growth. For some women, their bump may not be noticeable until the end of the second trimester and even into the third trimester. The second trimester starts in the fourth month.
Rashmi has added a new answer
Guardian of 0 children
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Q. I am 7 weeks pregnant. Before pregnancy I used to take medicine named Cyra 20 mg for acidity. Now since the day when I got to know that I am pregnant I am not taking any medicine for acidity but daily I am suffering from it. After having breakfast it starts. I am not eating any spicy food , oily food etc. Please help on this
Read moreRashmi
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A. Start having chilled milk directly from the refrigerator that usually helps a lot in reducing down acidity and anyways when you take so much of medicine in the body gets addicted to it to check with your doctor if you need to do anything or any other medication would be friendly in cases of emergency
Dr Ghouse has added a new answer
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Q. #AskTheExpert hello dr.
baby planning kar rhi kuch tips btayiye conceive ho jaye
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A. it's a natural process ok. if there is no relief it is better you see your doctor for proper examination particularly physical examination if there is need for doing investigations to find out the problem and treatment ok
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