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Conduct Disorder In Children- Causes, Symptoms And Treatment
Some children are disturbingly loud and argue all the time, while others are just stubborn and will cry for everything, even in public places. The unruly behaviour of these kids makes it a nightmare for the parents to step out with them. Many parents must deal with these kinds of behavioural issues every day. This article will give you all the information about behavioural issues in children. It may just make your life a little easy to know all you must about your child’s refractory conduct.
What is Conduct Disorder?
This is a behavioural disorder that is seen in kids and teens. Children who display violent and disruptive behaviour and have problems following rules are deemed to be suffering from this disorder. Some behavioural problems in children and teens are common as it is a part of growing up. But if this behaviour lasts for too long, violates other’s rights, and is against the accepted norms, then the child’s behaviour is a conduct disorder and needs attention.
How Common is Conduct Disorder in Kids?
Conduct disorder is more common in boys than girls and is observed at a later stage of childhood or early teens. It has been estimated that about 2% to 16% of children in the US are suffering from the disorder.
Types of Conduct Disorder
This disorder is broadly categorized into three types based on the age of the child. They are:
1. Childhood Onset
In this case, the signs and symptoms of the disorder appear before the age of 10 in children.
2. Adolescent-Onset
Here the signs and symptoms show up during the teenage years.
3. Unspecified Onset
In this case, the age at which the symptoms of conduct disorder first appear is unknown.
There is one more type of disorder in which the children display very less prosocial emotions. These children are often described as unemotional and callous.
Signs and Symptoms of Conduct Disorder
Children suffering from this disorder act impulsively and do not take anybody’s feelings and emotions into consideration. Symptoms of this disorder can be categorized into the following:
1. Physical Symptoms
Physical symptoms may include some aggressive behavioural pattern like bullying others, causing physical harm to people or animals, abusing others sexually, and using weapons.
2. Cognitive Symptoms
Children suffering from this disorder may show some cognitive signs like lying, breaking into someone’s house, forgery and stealing.
3. Psychological Symptoms
Affected children also display some psychological symptoms which will include violation of all kinds of rules or clearly express hatred towards rules. These children will often bunk school, run away from home, will abuse drugs and alcohol at an early age, engage in sexual acts at a very early age.
4. Other
It has been observed that in addition to the above-mentioned symptoms, children suffering from conduct disorder are short-tempered with very low self-esteem. They may also display destructive behavioural patterns like vandalism or intentional destruction of property.
Causes of Conduct Disorder
While the exact causes of conduct disorder are not known, they may be broadly classified into the following:
1. Genetic Problems
There are high chances of it being genetic. This means that a child may inherit the disorder from a family member who may be suffering from mental illness, or mood disorder, or substance abuse disorder, or even personality disorder.
2. Environmental Factors
Children suffering from the disorder may have a history of dysfunctional family life, childhood abuse, traumatic experiences, or inconsistent discipline by parents.
3. Psychological And Social Factors
Some psychological and social risk factors that may lead to the disorder in children are lack of guilt and remorse, lack of cognitive processing, low socio-economic status and not being accepted by peers.
4. Biological Factors
Injury to the brain in areas or regions involved in regulating behaviour, emotions, impulse control can cause the disorder. If the nerve cell circuit around the region of the brain controlling behaviour and conduct doesn’t work properly, then it may lead to conduct disorder in children. Other biological factors in children and teens causing the disorder could be mental illnesses like attention-deficit/hyperactive disorder, anxiety disorder, depression or learning disorder.
How is Conduct Disorder Diagnosed?
It disorder is diagnosed in children based on the signs and symptoms of any mental illness. If it is caused due to any physical illness, then the doctor may suggest few physical examinations like a blood test or neuroimaging studies. If a doctor doesn’t find any physical cause for the conduct disorder symptoms, then he/she may refer the child to a paediatric psychologist who are experts in treating mental health illness. Specifically-designed assessments are used to diagnose conduct disorder. Psychiatrists will interview the child and based on their behaviour and attitude, the psychiatrist will conclude whether the child is suffering from it. The doctor will also rely on reports of child’s conduct from parents and teachers.
Possible Complications of Conduct Disorder in Children
It has been observed that children with conduct disorder have complicated personalities when they grow up. They may have personality disorder, particularly antisocial personality disorder. If the problem continues to worsen, they may end having a problem with the law or may abuse drugs.
Children with conduct disorder are more likely to become depressed or develop bipolar disorder in early adulthood. Severe complications include violence towards others and feeling suicidal.
Treatment for Conduct Disorder
This disorder can be treated through psychotherapy or medication based on the child’s age and severity of the symptoms.
Psychotherapy
Psychotherapy is a type of counselling which aims at helping children by talking to them about how to express themselves and controlling their anger. The psychiatrist also uses a special therapy called the cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) which works by helping the child to reshape his/her thinking and controlling their emotions.
A special PMT (parent management training) is conducted to train the parents to help their children at home.
Medication
There is no prescribed medicine to treat conduct disorder. Sometimes, doctors use drugs or medicines to treat some of its distressing symptoms or other mental illnesses related to the disorder.
Preventive Measures for Conduct Disorder
There are no specific preventive measures for the disorder. However, recognizing the symptoms or signs at the right time and acting upon them reduces the distress that the child and parents may have to go through in the future.
It is important to provide a supportive, consistent, or nurturing environment at home to bring up a physically and mentally healthy child.
How can Parents Help Children to Overcome Conduct Disorder?
First of all, it is important that parents ensure that their child is brought up with love and discipline in a supportive, consistent, and nurturing environment. Parents should be available and approachable to their little ones. The more the parents spend quality time with their children, the sooner the child will overcome their insecurities and behave more appropriately.
When to Consult a Doctor?
Call the doctor in case your child gets into trouble regularly, has terrible mood swings, is seen bullying others or is cruel to animals, is extremely aggressive or is being victimized.
Conduct disorder in most cases happens as a result of environmental factors such as childhood trauma or even peer pressure. More often than not, this is more of a mental disorder and does not affect any of the organs within the body. The right type of therapy such as CBT can rectify most of the issues faced by the child and shape them into responsible citizens of the world.
Also Read:
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) In Children
Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) In Children
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) in Children Read more
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Breastfeeding and Breast Cancer - Everything You Should Know
Breastfeeding creates an affectionate bond between the mother and the newborn. But breastfeeding just after your breast cancer treatment might look like a nightmare to you. It is because of all the trauma involved in breast cancer treatment. With multiple times scanning, biopsies, poking, surgeries, and treatment, you might have already fought a lot.
You have a fighter in you, and now you have a child to look after too. Your little bundle of joy will help you forget all the pain you went through while fighting breast cancer. There might be ample questions about the link between breastfeeding and breast cancer. Relax and read along to understand the impact of breast cancer on breastfeeding.
Is Breastfeeding Possible After Breast Cancer?
Breastfeeding is challenging for every mother, with or without a history of breast cancer. But for a mother who just battled breast cancer, it can be even more complicated. However, research suggests that you can happily breastfeed after the treatment. But the breast cancer treatment and care plan are different for different individuals. And this creates the difference!
The relationship between nursing breast cancer is that nursing after breast cancer is advisable after treatment only when you are no longer under chemotherapy. Also, it would help if you were not on hormone therapy which includes long-term medicines like aromatase inhibitors, trastuzumab, or tamoxifen. It is because cancer cannot travel to your newborn through nursing, but the negative effects of this medication can.
Talk to your doctor about how long you should wait for post-chemotherapy to start nursing your child. If you are pregnant during the treatment, discuss with your doctor how the treatment will affect your course of pregnancy and once the newborn arrives.
Impact of Cancer Treatment on Breastfeeding
As described above, the treatment plan dictates whether you will be able to breastfeed or not. Every case is different, but here is a brief breakdown of the types of surgery that affect breastmilk:
1. Single Mastectomy
In this case, it is possible to nurse from the unaffected breast. But you might get a limited supply of milk initially. But with continuous nursing and pumping, the supply might improve. Talk to a lactation expert.
2. Double Mastectomy
This surgery takes off all the milk ducts; so, there is no possibility of breastfeeding in this scenario.
3. Chemotherapy
If you are currently undergoing chemo, it will not be possible to feed your child. You will have to wait for a particular duration of time to nurse next, which will ensure that the drugs have entirely left your system. Consult your lactation expert or gynecologist, or oncologist in this regard.
4. Hormone Therapy
If you are prescribed long-term medications, like tamoxifen, you can’t breastfeed since these medicines pass into your breastmilk and are harmful to the child.
5. Lumpectomy
If you were treated by lumpectomy, your ability to nurse depends on the amount of tissue removed and the amount of radiation given to you. In a minimal lumpectomy, some breastmilk is produced from the treated breast.
6. Radiation
It is generally safe to breastfeed if you are taking radiation therapy right now; however, get confirmation from your doctor regarding this. But if you were treated with a lot of radiation in the past, your milk-producing tissues may already be damaged; hence, there is a possibility that they do not produce milk anymore.
Mammograms After Breast Cancer Surgery
Different surgeries are used to treat breast cancer. The type of surgery defines the need for mammograms. If you had breast-conserving surgery or BCS, the doctor would ideally advise you to take mammograms of the treated breast 6 to 12 months after the end of radiation therapy. Mammograms help in looking for the early signs of cancer build-up. Also, mammograms are required for the untreated breast at least once a year. If a woman had breast cancer once, there are chances of reoccurrence.
Women treated by mastectomy will not need mammograms of the treated side. But yes, yearly mammograms will be required on the remaining breast. In the case of a double mastectomy, mammograms are no longer required. But in this case, also, cancer might develop on the chest wall or in the skin, which can be diagnosed by physical examination as well.
In the case of reconstructed breasts after mastectomy, mammograms are usually not required. But if something unusual is witnessed during a physical examination, a mammogram might be done. An MRI or breast ultrasound might help in this regard too.
In the case of subcutaneous mastectomy (nipple-sparing mastectomy), doctors advise taking follow-up mammograms. It is because some breast tissues might still be there under the nipple.
Tips for Successfully Nursing After Breast Cancer
If you are someone who has got a nod from your doctor to breastfeed after a breast cancer history, here are some tips to go about it:
Your breast lobes may be damaged or dried up due to treatment. Try using cold packs or take ibuprofen to ease out the pain.
Buy a good quality breast pump. It will help you pump a good amount of milk from the untreated or low milk-producing breast.
Be gentle on yourself and your breast or breasts. Do not take the stress.
Some people suggest rubbing your nipples with a dry towel, scrubbers, or loofah - it will help tighten up the nipples and easy latching.
If you feed with a single breast, it will become sore with time. Rub little breastmilk over the nipple, and it will heal on its own.
Supposedly if you are nursing from one breast, this breast is bigger than the non-nursing one. Insert a silicone bra cup inside your nursing bra to fill the smaller one to manage this size difference.
Myths and Facts - Breastfeeding and Breast Cancer
Here are some eye-opening myths and facts about the link between breast cancer and breastfeeding:
1. Myth
Women might develop breast cancer while nursing
Fact
This is a rather rare scenario. But there are a few cases where breast cancer in feeding mothers was found. So, it would help if you keep checking your breasts from time to time to find out any unrealistic lump formation.
2. Myth
Nursing can lower the risk of breast cancer in the mother
Facts
Does breastfeeding prevent breast cancer? Not completely true, but yes, breastfeeding reduces the risk of breast cancer. In nursing women, the count of hormones that increase the risk of breast cancer is much lower.
3. Myth
Nursing mothers can go for mammograms
Fact
Yes, you can go for a mammogram. But there are chances that you get a false-positive. It is because the breasts remain dense during this time. Therefore, it will be better to go for a biopsy or imaging.
4. Myth
A lump during breastfeeding could be a sign of breast cancer
Fact
This is not necessarily true. Lumps during nursing can be non-cancerous too. But following signs are a cause of concern:
They do not go away with time and are growing in size.
Upon pressing the lump, it does not move.
It makes the skin around it dimple or look like orange peel.
Breastfeeding does form an intimate bond between you and your child. But due to some reason, if you are not able to nurse your child, do not feel guilty, and do not take the stress. Remember to be happy. Bottle feed your child. Bottle feeding also gives you a lot of opportunities to develop a beautiful bond with your child. Remember that it is important to remain healthy and be there with your child to fulfill their needs. Happy Parenting!
Also Read:
Chickenpox during Breastfeeding
Breast Pain during Breastfeeding
Breastfeeding Problems & Their Solutions Read more
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My Baby - My World - My Love - My Happiness - My Stress Buster!
Being a mother is a divine thing which cannot be expressed in words but can only be experienced. Taking care of a newborn is something very precious. When it comes to my baby, she is my world. Taking care involves bathing, feeding, burping which ultimately leads to building a strong bondwith the baby.
Bathing
This is a very tough time for me because my baby while doing oil massage she feels very happy and she enjoys doing body massage. But while bathing she cries so much that it makes me feel bad, but it is a common thing among all infants. After taking a bath, she feels very fresh and happily sleeps for at least 2-3 hours after having milk.
Feeding
While feeding my baby, I take so much care so that she feels comfortable while drinking and I make sure that she has enough milk to fill her little stomach. Burping is as essential as feeding in my opinion. I hold her on my shoulders for at least 10mins so that she takes burps so that the milk she had gets digested quickly.
Bonding
Day-by-day bonding between my baby and me is increasing. She has started recognising me and always smiles looking at me. She resembles me. She is entirely a photocopy of me. The more we interact with the kids, the more they grow and become more active.
Sleeping
Sleeping during nights was very difficult during the early weeks of my baby. She used to wake up very often, so we both did not have enough sleep during nights. But gradually as she is growing the time she sleeps during nights is becoming more. She wakes during the night for 3-4 times, but after having milk, she falls asleep.
But sleeping pattern will be different each day for any baby and also it changes weekly they say. For a few days, she used to sleep so much during the night and for some more days she used to be awake the whole night. So the sleeping pattern will be different which cannot be predictable.
Vaccination
This is the toughest thing a mother can face. During vaccination, babies cry a lot, and they get a fever for a couple of days because of vaccines. My suggestion is after giving vaccine make sure the hand and leg for which the vaccine was provided must be taken care of so much so that baby should not feel any pressure on that hand or leg. Make sure to apply ice cube over the injected area so that it avoids swelling. Make sure to check the baby's temperature very often and give oral paracetamol drops once in every 6 hours for 48 hours so that fever gets controlled for the baby. During this time baby will feel uncomfortable while drinking milk and at times may not feel like drinking milk but make sure that the baby drinks milk which helps baby to feel better.
The most important thing that I want to share with you all is that every baby is different from every other baby. So I request all the parents not to compare your baby with other babies.Every baby has its style and own patterns. This is the story of me with my baby. Love you loads my baby!!!
Disclaimer: The views, opinions and positions (including content in any form) expressed within this post are those of the author alone. The accuracy, completeness and validity of any statements made within this article are not guaranteed. We accept no liability for any errors, omissions or representations. The responsibility for intellectual property rights of this content rests with the author and any liability with regards to infringement of intellectual property rights remains with him/her.
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Neha Sharma
Mom of a 2 yr 7 m old girl
3 mins ago
#walloffame
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Paneer Bhurji Grilled Sandwich
This is pick-me-up-on-the-go snack is filled with loads of calcium and proteins from paneer. To make the sandwich healthier, use whole wheat bread and we reckon that the whole wheat variant will taste better than the white bread one. We have added a whimsical twist to the dish, to make it kid friendly, by giving the sandwich the shape of a teddy bear. You can give it any shape you like or can simply cut the square sandwich in triangular halves.
Serves
Preparation Time
Cooking Time
4 People
10 - 15 Minutes
20 - 25 Minutes
Ingredients
8 slices of white / brown bread
1 cup paneer, mashed
2 tbsp oil
2 tbsp butter
1 tsp cumin seeds
1/2 cup onions, finely chopped
1/2 cup tomatoes, chopped
1/2 tsp pav bhaji masala
1/4 tsp turmeric powder
1/2 tsp chilli powder
1 tsp green chillies, finely chopped
1 tbsp coriander, finely chopped
Salt to taste
Method
For Paneer Stuffing
Step 1
Heat oil and add cumin seeds. When the seeds start crackling, add onions and sauté on a medium - high flame for a minute.
Step 2
Next, add tomatoes and half cup of water, mix well. Cook on a low flame for a while and keep stirring it continuously.
Step 3
Now you have to add the pav bhaji masala, turmeric powder, chilli powder, green chillies and a little water. Give it a nice stir and let it cook on a medium flame for a minute or two. Stir continuously.
Step 4
Add paneer, salt and coriander and a tbsp of water and mix well. Cook on medium flame for a few minutes. Stir occasionally.
Step 5
Let this mixture cool completely.
For the Sandwich
Step 1
Apply butter on one side of each bread slice.
Step 2
Place the stuffing, cover with another slice and make a sandwich. If you have different cutters, you can use those to make different shapes of sandwiches. We have used teddy bear shaped cutter.
Step 3
After you have the desired shape cut, put the sandwich in the griller. You can also roast your sandwich on a tawa, till crisp.
Step 4
Serve hot with tomato ketchup.
Nutritional Information
Calories
499 K cal
Proteins
2.3 g
Fats
51.3 g
Carbohydrates
10.9 g
Cholesterol
61 mg
Sodium
329 mg
Potassium
347 mg
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Marinated Chicken and Egg Salad
The Marinated Chicken and Egg salad is packed with nutrition, protein and gives all what a gym rat’s body needs. Chicken breast and egg whites are loaded with protein. The greens and radishes balance out the protein and provide the rest of the nutrients. The marinated chicken gives the dish a delicious lift.
Serves
Preparation Time
Cooking Time
4 People
10-15 Minutes
15-20 Minutes
Ingredients
1 skinless, boneless chicken breast halves- cut into bite size pieces
2 tbsp balsamic vinegar
1 tsp olive oil
1 tsp salt
1 hard boiled egg
2 radishes
1 tbsp water
1 to 2 cups salad greens
Method
Step 1
Mix together the vinegar, water, olive oil, salt and water and marinate the chicken pieces in the mixture for about an hour.
Step 2
Drain the chicken and cook on a pan for about 15 mins. Turn the chicken so it gets cooked evenly. Do not add anything more to the chicken as it already has oil.
Step 3
Slice the hard boiled eggs. Also chop the radishes, salad greens and tomatoes and arrange on a plate.
Step 4
Top the ensemble with chicken.
Step 5
Add a little pepper to taste.
Nutritional Information
Calories
151 K cal,
Proteins
20.1 g
Fats
6.3 g
Carbohydrates
4.5 g
Cholesterol
113 mg
Sodium
1271 mg
Potassium
1274 mg
Tip: *For frying, add approximately 10 grams of fat per serving at 9 K cal/gm of fat.
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Dr Sameer awadhiya has added a new answer
Guardian of 0 children
10 hours ago
Q. #asktheexperts what to do if the baby’s nose is blovked
Dr Sameer awadhiya
Paediatrician
9 hours ago
A. Nasal blockage is very common, specially in small children because of the narrow nasal cavity. Any kind of saline drops like nasal clear will be helpful in dissolving the stuffy secretions, which can be taken out by vnasal aspirator gently also steam inhalation will be helpful also, try to avoid keeping the child directly under the fan.
Ankita Mehta has added a new answer
Expecting Mom due in 4 months
7 hours ago
Q. 22 week pregnant,baby konse month me or din me kitni baar move kartaa he ,pls bataye abhi sirf 2, 3 baar hi hota he
Ankita Mehta
Mom of a 8 yr 7 m old girl
5 hours ago
A. hi
yes it's enough
and the frequency and timing may vary as we all are different
but yes, the frequency of feeling baby movements will increase now
please go for regular check-up to your gynecologist
and follow his or her suggestions
Rashmi has added a new answer
Trying To Conceive
6 hours ago
Q. hi
need help and advice
my RT 18x16mm and LT 10x16mm ET 6.59
and did ovulation rest also showing fertility test C as if now , pls advice if we intercourse tomorrow then when will be my ovulation start.
Rashmi
Mom of a 9 yr 7 m old girl
6 hours ago
A. You can check with an ovulation kit if it is positive then you can certainly go ahead with the conception because ovulation kit is going to give you 100% clarity whether you are ovulating or not with that you can try practising if you can conceive the same time
Dr Ghouse has added a new answer
Guardian of 0 children
2 hours ago
Q. Bread feeding mother can have green tea
Dr Ghouse
Paediatrician
2 hours ago
A. absolutely no problem to have green tea ok. if there is no relief it is better you see your doctor for proper examination particularly physical examination if there is need for doing investigations to find out the problem and treatment ok
Rashmi has added a new answer
Guardian of 0 children
1 hour ago
Q. In my growth scan doctor found that 2 round cord has been partly around baby necks. Is there any problem with this. will I get normal delivery?
Rashmi
Mom of a 9 yr 7 m old girl
1 hour ago
A. A lot of times normal delivery is actually seen in these cases also if the doctor is quick and the child cooperate then yes normal delivery is very much possible but some doctors don’t take a chance with the health of your child and so they normally suggest C-section so let’s see what’s your situation by the end when you are into your labour
Sunita Mahato has added a new answer
Mom of a 1 m old child
9 mins ago
Q. #asktheexperts How to increase quantity of milk production?
Sunita Mahato
Mom of 3 children
7 mins ago
A. to increase milk take latction supplement as lactare...
take green papaya bottle gourd bitter gourd fennel seeds garlic oats ragi dalia sabudana ...
regular pumping increase milk use Babyhug electric breast pump...
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preethy
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