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Conjoined Twins (Siamese Twins)
Being pregnant with twin babies can be an ecstatic experience for the would-be-parents. Some twins can be joined by their skin and other internal organs; such babies are called conjoined twins. One in every 200,000 twins can be conjoined and 40 to 60 percent conjoined twins arrive stillborn. The following article gives you a comprehensive view of what are conjoined twins, its causes, signs, treatment options and other associated aspects.
What are Conjoined Twins?
In simple language, conjoined babies are twins attached together or babies who are physically connected to each other. Conjoined twins or monozygotic twins are partially connected and do not separate from each other. In most twin pregnancies, the embryos separate from two or more babies, but when the embryos do not separate completely and remain physically connected, they develop into conjoined twins. In conjoined twins the embryos are mostly joined at the chest, abdomen or the pelvis, they may share one or more internal organs. The first conjoined twins were Chang and Eng, who were born in Siam in Thailand and since then conjoined twins are also known as Siamese twins.
Types of Conjoined Twins
Conjoined twins may be joined at one or more places, and their type depends on where they are joined. They may share body parts or other internal organs. Following are the types of conjoined twins:
1. Omphalopagus
These types of conjoined twins are joined near the abdomen or the belly button. They usually share their liver or other lower body parts like small intestine etc.; however, they do not share their hearts.
2. Thoracopagus
Such types of conjoined twins are joined at the chest. They usually share a heart, liver and other upper body organs. Most conjoined twins fall under this category.
3. Parapagus
These kinds of conjoined twins are joined sideways in the pelvic region, all or part of chest and abdomen. The twins may have two or more limbs, but they have two heads.
4. Ischiopagus
Such cases of conjoined twins are joined at the pelvic region, either face to face or back to back. These twins share a liver, gastrointestinal tract and genital organs.
5. Pygopagus
These types of twins are joined back to back at the base of their spines and the hips. Where some twins may share the gastrointestinal tracts, others may share genitals organs.
6. Rachipagus
Such types of conjoined twins are joined back to back along the length of the spine. In very rare situations conjoined twins are joined this way.
7. Craniopagus
These types of twins are joined at the head, but their faces are not joined. Most cases of conjoined twins at the head share part of the skull, but they usually have separate brains.
8. Cephalopagus
Such types of congenital twins are joined at the face and the upper part of the body. Both the faces appear on the opposite sides of the same head, and they also share the brain. Such twins seldom survive.
How are Conjoined Twins Formed?
Twin babies form in two conditions that it either a woman produces two eggs and they both get fertilized, or the single egg divides after the fertilization process. In case of two eggs and two sperms, fraternal twins are born, whereas, in case of one egg division, identical or paternal twins are born.
However, in case of conjoined twins, the single egg does not separate completely after fertilization. The partially separated egg turns into conjoined twins. These twins are identical twins and are of the same sex. In the womb, they share the same amniotic cavity and placenta.
Causes
Monozygotic or identical twins are born when one single fertilized egg splits and grow into two separate embryos. Generally, the division of the fertilized egg takes place between eight to twelve days after the conception. The embryos thus split, start to develop specific structures and organs of their own. However, any division of the egg that takes place later than thirteen to fifteen days may completely stop in between, and this situation may result in conjoined twins.
It is also believed that sometimes two separate embryos may also fuse together in the early stages of development resulting in conjoined twins.
What may cause either of the above situations, there is no scientific facts or evidence to support it. Therefore, there are no specific causes of conjoined twins.
Are There Any Signs That Indicate a Conjoined Twin Pregnancy?
No there are no specific signs or symptoms that may indicate that you are carrying conjoined twins. However, you may experience the following symptoms, just like any other twin pregnancy:
Your uterus may grow at a faster pace or in other words; it grows more than a normal pregnancy.
You may feel more nauseous and fatigued or such symptoms are more pronounced.
You may find your feet more swollen in comparison to the woman who is carrying a single baby.
However, your pregnancy ultrasound will help you know if you are carrying conjoined twins. Your doctor may further guide you to undergo more tests to confirm if you are carrying conjoined twins.
Complications Associated With Conjoined Twin Pregnancy
Complications are synonymous with a conjoined twin pregnancy. The worst complication that may arise is a stillbirth, either inside the womb or after birth. Another aspect that may create problems is the delivery of conjoined twins. Normal delivery should not be considered as it may lead to further complications. Caesarean delivery is a more viable option, and it may be planned way before the due date. It is also important that a team of medical experts is present at the time of birth to handle complex cases.
Apart from the medical complications, a conjoined twin pregnancy can be emotionally quite challenging for the would-be-parents. They are counselled properly to face all the challenges that may arise during pregnancy or after the birth of the twins.
How Is Diagnosis Made?
A standard ultrasound or conjoined twins ultrasound during the first trimester of pregnancy will help your doctor diagnose that you are carrying conjoined twins. Your doctor may recommend you to undergo more tests a little later in pregnancy, such as detailed ultrasounds and echocardiograms, to determine the health of the twins, the functioning of their organs and the complexity of their physical connectivity. An MRI scan or magnetic resonance imaging will help the doctor know the exact area where the twins are joined and other organs that they share.
Treatment
The treatment for conjoined twins may vary depending upon how they are physically joined and which all internal organs they share. By carefully observing, your doctor may advise you any of following treatment options:
1. Monitoring in Pregnancy
If you are carrying conjoined twins, your doctor will monitor your health closely during pregnancy. You can refer other specialists apart from your doctor to figure out the best treatment plan for your twins.
2. Delivery
Normal delivery is not feasible in case of conjoined twins. Therefore, your doctor will suggest you for C-section or cesarean delivery. You will be operated much before your due date, generally two to four weeks prior to your due date. After the babies are born, their overall health is evaluated, and then further treatment plans are made.
3. Separation Surgery
conjoined twins surgery may be suggested to you to separate your twin babies. Any kind of surgical procedure to separate the conjoined twins is usually performed two to four months after the birth. Sometimes emergency separation surgery may also be required. The doctor may consider the following factors before recommending surgery:
The Health of the Twins: Whether both are healthy enough to withstand the surgery.
Vital Organs: Whether or not the twins are sharing any vital organs, such as the heart.
Reconstructive Surgery: What all kinds of reconstructive surgeries will be required after the separation surgery?
Success Ratio: What is the success ratio of the separation surgery?
In some cases, separation surgery becomes the only option. This may happen in situations where the internal organs are not strong enough to support both the babies or where one of the twins is too weak to survive.
4. If Decided Not to Pursue Surgery
In a case where separation surgery is not feasible or the parents decide not to go ahead with the surgery, your doctor and other specialists can give suggestions on how to live a normal life with conjoined twins. There are many cases where conjoined twins are not separated and they spend their life staying connected.
5. Follow-up Care
Either the twins stay connected or are separated from each other; they will have to keep going for the regular medical check-ups. In most cases, surgery or other methods of treatments are suggested, which require regular monitoring by the doctors.
Your Outlook Towards Twins Who are Attached Together
Once your doctor confirms that you are carrying conjoined twins, you may worry about the health and wellbeing of your unborn babies and their life that will follow. The question on everyone’s mind is can conjoined twins be separated? The answer is yes they can be separated and your doctor will help you understand it better. Though not all conjoined twins can be separated.
More than half cases of conjoined twin babies arrive stillborn and about 35 percent live for a day only. The conjoined twins life expectancy is somewhere between 5 to 25 percent. It is also seen that female conjoined babies have more survival rate than male babies.
Conjoined twins are rare and with proper medical guidance and support, you can take an informed decision about the well-being of your twin babies.
Also Read: Types of Twins in Pregnancy - Identical & Fraternal Read more
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Scabies during Pregnancy: Causes & Treatment
Scabies is caused by mites and affects the skin. Scabies during pregnancy can be seen when rashes and itching occur in places like the armpits, inner wrists, back of knees and finger webs. It is quite a miserable condition for a pregnant lady to go through and if left untreated, can cause health complications. It is best to treat scabies before it spreads.
What Is Scabies?
Scabies is caused by creatures known as mites that burrow and dig tunnels under the skin's surface. You will get scabies when the female mite digs under your skin's surface and lays eggs. They die after a month but the eggs will hatch, and new mites will grow who will then reproduce. Their life cycle is only about 2-3 weeks. Different types of scabies can develop based on the mode of transmission – contact with the skin of an infected person, sexual intercourse or in rare cases, contact with towels or linen of someone who has scabies.
What Causes Scabies?
Mites are common in crowded places like camps, classrooms, college dorms and childcare centres where they move from skin to skin. The most common way to get scabies is from someone who already has them. Exposure to scabies while pregnant does not harm the fetus in any way, but it still has to be treated quickly so that the mother can rest at ease.
What Are the Signs and Symptoms of Scabies?
After initial exposure to scabies, it can take up to 6 weeks for the below symptoms to appear.
Intense itching and a rash which gets worse at night
The rash will resemble pimples or blisters – raised bumps filled with fluid.
Grey lines on your skin alongside red bumps
Red, scaly patches on your skin
Itching on the skin surrounding your hands and feet
Can Scabies Affect Pregnant Woman and Her Baby?
Many pregnant women may have the question, ‘is scabies harmful during pregnancy?’ The good news is that scabies will have no effect on the fetus in any way. The link between scabies and pregnancy risk is very small, but the options for scabies treatment may get limited as the medications a woman can take while she is pregnant will be limited. However, there are natural ways to treat scabies if you want to avoid medical treatment.
How Is Scabies Diagnosed?
The doctor will first look for signs on scabies on your skin. Following that, he will do certain tests like taking your skin scrapings from the rash or and examining it to look for the mites. He can also perform a skin biopsy.
Medical Treatment for Scabies in Pregnancy
There are ways for scabies treatment while pregnant by using certain medications. These are:
Prescription medicated creams like permethrin 5% or benzyl benzoate to treat scabies infections.
The creams should be applied all over the body. Since scabies is a contact infection, the whole family or partners of the infected person should also be treated. Creams may be used one-time or repeated after a week.
For severe cases, some doctors can also prescribe oral medication to kill the mites.
Are Medical Treatments for Curing Scabies Safe for Pregnant Women?
Yes, topical creams like permethrin 5%, crotamiton, benzyl benzoate 25% and malathion 0.5% are all safe to take while pregnant. However, two medications you should never take during pregnancy are ivermectin and lindane as they cause undesirable side effects.
Natural Remedies to Treat Scabies in Pregnancy
If you are pregnant and want to avoid resorting to medical treatment for your scabies, rest assured as there are many home remedies for scabies during pregnancy. Some are below:
1. Neem Oil
Just mix some neem oil with turmeric powder and make it into a paste. Apply the paste and continue this until the scabies symptoms fade away.
2. Tea Tree Oil
Coconut oil mixed with tea tree oil and applied to the affected area is an effective and safe way to treat scabies infection.
3. Mustard Oil
Apply mustard oil throughout your body before going for a shower. This will kill the mites which cause scabies on your body.
4. Other Natural Ways
Another effective way is applying undiluted white vinegar, apricot leaf juice, drumstick juice, calamine lotion and sesame oil followed by a cold compress to treat rashes as well as kill the scabies mites.
Can You Prevent Scabies?
Scabies is hard to prevent as it spreads through contact, but you can wash your towels, underwear, and sleepwear in hot water, vacuum your carpets and upholstered furniture just to minimize chances of any scabies infection.
Many scabies cases can be cured with no long-term complications. A severe case with lots of crusting or scaling may indicate HIV symptoms.
Also Read: Rashes in Pregnancy Read more
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Physical Development During Infancy (From Birth to 12 Months)
Babies grow up fast. It might seem just like yesterday that your little one was a fragile bundle of joy that fit snugly in your arms, and now, she's big, walking around and responding to your voice. As your baby gets older, she goes through a series of physical developments that are milestones and crucial markers for your baby's overall growth and development.
At What Pace Do Babies Grow?
You’ll see significant changes in your baby in the first 12 months of her life. Babies grow at a surprisingly fast rate, and change from being helpless to being able to communicate and move around. In the first year, your baby will experience rapid physical growth, development of motor skills, vision, hearing and communication. Your baby’s doctor will measure and track the growth and mark it against a standard growth chart.
Physical Growth
Not all healthy full-term babies are born in the same size, but you can expect your baby to nearly double her weight by 5 months, and triple it by the time she is one-year-old. In the first six months, she will grow about 1.5 to 2.5 cm, and put on weight at the rate of 140 to 200 g a week. Between 6 to 12 months, she will grow about 1 cm and put on about 85 to 140 g every week. However, it is important to bear in mind that all babies grow at their own pace; they experience periods of growth spurts and fluctuations in how fast they gain weight.
Motor Development
Although babies develop at different rates, the sequence of development remains the same. For example, they learn how to sit and crawl before they learn how to walk. Some babies reach developmental milestones such as sitting and walking earlier than others. Development also occurs from the top down - they learn how to control the movement of their head while strengthening their neck muscles as they do so. Hand coordination follows, which enables them to grasp and pull their bodies forward before they learn how to crawl. Once they begin to have better control of their lower body, they learn how to use their hands and knees to crawl. These developments all lead to finer motor control which enables them to walk eventually.
The maturity of their central nervous systems helps in their physical development. Babies are born with primitive reflexes such as the grasping and walking reflex. The reflexes have to be lost if they are to learn controlled movement of their limbs. You’ll notice that your baby’s walking reflex disappears by the end of the first month and the grasping reflex disappears around two to three months of age. While they kick and move their arms randomly earlier, as they mature, they learn to coordinate these movements as a response.
Vision, Hearing and Communication
Development of eyesight, hearing and communication skills is what you can expect as part of physical development during infancy. Newborn babies can only see things that are within 25 cm in front of them, while an 8-month-old baby has vision that’s almost as good as an adult's. Their hearing gets fine-tuned as they grow, and they develop the ability to respond to specific sounds and different people. Their ability to communicate also improves during their first year.
Physical Development in Infants from Birth to 1 Year
Given below is a list of developmental milestones you can expect in your baby regarding her physical growth and motor skills. Keep in mind, however, that your baby may reach them earlier or a little later, so do not be too concerned if she deviates from other children.
0-3 Months
Here’s what to expect out of your newborn:
1. Developmental Milestones
Her reflexes allow her to turn her head and suckle when you touch her cheeks
Flex her arms and legs, and extend fingers
Physical development of your one-month-old baby lets her follow a moving light briefly
Between 4-8 weeks, she can lift her head when she is placed on her tummy
She can recognise your voice and get startled at noises
By 6 weeks, her eyes can move together to see most of the time
She will kick enthusiastically by 2 months
By 3 months, she will be able to watch and follow a moving face
2. Signs of Developmental Problems
If she seems unusually stiff or floppy, and the head control appears particularly developed
You notice a difference in muscle tone between one side of her body to the other
Your baby always holds fingers in a tight fist
Difficulty with feeding which does not improve over time
Your baby cries for longer periods of time and is exceptionally hard to settle
She rarely cries, sleeps well consistently and is unusually good or mild-tempered
3. Tips to Encourage Development
Give your baby plenty of tummy time. It will help strengthen her upper body muscles and muscles that control the head and neck.
Let her have some nappy-free-time, preferably outdoors, under the shade of a tree. Babies like to wave and kick their legs around, unrestricted by nappies.
3-6 Months
Here are more things you can expect as your baby gets older:
1. Developmental Milestones
By 3 months, she can look at her own hands and play with her fingers
In between 3-4 months she will be able to grasp a light object
By 4 months, she will be able to lift her head and chest while placed on her tummy
She will be able to roll over between 4 and 6 months
Some start chewing, which is a marker of a 5-month-old baby's development
She can make and hold eye contact
She will enjoy looking at bright lights or brightly coloured objects
2. Signs of Developmental Problem
The muscles seem tight and have uneven tone throughout the body
Her fingers don’t extend spontaneously
Her arms and legs remain still most of the time
Her eyes don’t follow faces or objects
She is hard to feed and struggles to settle down
Weight gain occurs at an unacceptable rate
She has a disinterest in her surroundings
3. Tips to Encourage Development
Give her more tummy time than before; babies enjoy it.
To encourage motor and sensory skills, offer her a soft rattling toy. It helps babies build their grasping skills and learn to associate its movement with the sound of the rattle.
While on her tummy, put objects within her reach so she can learn to extend her arm out and grab. It builds a baby's hand to eye coordination and strengthens muscles associated with the movement.
6-9 Months
By now, your baby is more responsive and in control of her actions. You know what to expect of her behaviour and what she like and doesn't like. Here are more development signs to look out for:
1. Developmental Milestones
By six months, she would be able to grasp objects and take it to her mouth
Between 6-8 months, she can be taught to hold and drink from a cup with some help
She would be able to hold a spoon by 7 months, but would not be able to use it purposefully
Soft solid foods would be part of her diet by the time she is 7 months
By 8 months, she will be able to sit without support
By 9 months, she will be able to move around by crawling or rolling
2. Signs of Developmental Problems
She is not able to sit without support by 9 months
Her body is stiff and hinders her ability to stay in a seated position
She is uninterested in toys and does not reach for them by 8 months
3. Tips to Encourage Development
Spend more time playing on their floor with her. Sitting and crawling will help her muscles get stronger.
During playtime, arrange toys around her in a way that they are just out of her reach, prompting her to crawl to the toys
Let her play with food, even if it gets messy
Let her play with a range of textured toys
9-12 Months
You are probably surprised at how fast your baby has grown and acquired a personality. Here are more things you can expect as she continues to grow:
1. Developmental Milestones
She would be able to move around by crawling or shuffling by 10 months
She would be able to balance well while sitting and not topple over when reaching for a toy
By 10-11 months, she would be able to pull up with support and stand
By 10-12 months, she should be able to walk with the support of an adult
By 12, she would be able to pick tiny objects using her thumb and forefinger
2. Signs of Developmental Problems
She is not able to sit without support by 10 months
She hasn't developed ways of moving around on her own
3. Tips to Encourage Development
Give your baby ample opportunities to move around on her own. Do not restrict her to strollers or the baby seat when she can sit on the floor. The more time she spends moving around, the more practice she will have to build skills.
Give her more toys that move or roll. Balls are great as she will enjoy chasing after it.
Set up a safe play area for her where she can move around unrestricted and safely.
Let her have her own cupboard full of toys that she can pull out and put back in. She would also enjoy opening and closing the door.
Although not all babies reach these milestones in precisely the same time frame, their sequence of development remains the same. If you feel your baby is a late bloomer, be patient and continue encouraging her development.
Also Read: Emotional Development in Infants Read more
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Hand and Mouth Development From Birth Till 3 Months
Congratulations on the birth of your little one! Now that the turmoil of labor and delivery is over, you have all the time to spend with your baby. A lot happens with your baby from birth till 3 months and seeing them grow will be a joyful ride. In the first 3 months, your baby does more than just eat and sleep. From the moment they are outside the womb, babies respond to the external environment and stimuli – and this is where hand and mouth development comes in.
The first three months form an important development period in your baby’s growth chart. Here are the key developmental changes in your baby’s hand and mouth development that you need to watch out for:
1. Your baby is learning to move his hands
At the time of birth, the neck of your baby will not be stiff and the head will be wobbly. But soon, your baby will be able to keep his head straight and turn it to the sides. Your baby will also begin to stretch legs and arms. You will spot your baby kicking vigorously and trying to grasp toys with his little hands. Motor skills hugely develop during this phase, giving your baby total control of his body.
2. He has started communicating through mouth and facial sounds and expressions
Your new born begins to express at this stage. You may see your baby making weird expressions with his mouth, rolling his tongue out or even smiling at you. Your baby can even mimic your expressions and play along with you. Your baby will also make laughing or crying noises to express his feelings. During these 3 months, your baby’s communication skills start developing and it will be no less than a wonderful experience for you!
3. He is also salivating more from his mouth
You will notice that at this time, your baby will start salivating or drooling more often than usual. The main reason behind this is that his mouth and digestive system are developing. Your baby will begin to have control over his mouth and tongue as he grows till 3 months.
4. His hands let him explore audio-visual cues too
You may have observed how your baby looks at your face while feeding, or observes his own hands and feet too. Your baby will also react to different colours and visuals he comes across and faces in the family. Alongside, he will try to retain the memory of the images inside his brain. Visual development is the major milestone your baby will cross in the first 3 months.
Every baby is unique. Some babies will cross these milestones ahead of the time, and some may lag behind. These symptoms are perfectly normal and do not call for any concern. However, if you notice that your baby has shown none of the milestones mentioned above, make sure you consult your doctor. The earlier you target the problem, the earlier it can be solved. Read more
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5 Great Ways to be an Eco-Friendly Family
There are many ways to make your family eco-friendly and they only require a little effort. Show them how it's done with simple tips. When your family works as a unit to save the planet, big things can happen. Why not start today?
Is your family ready to go green? Don't worry, it isn't as hard as turning vegetarian! All it requires are small changes but the impact, however, is long-lasting. We depend on the earth for all our needs, it's only fitting that we give something back.
How to be Eco-friendly in Today's Times
1. Ditch plastic as much as you can
One of the simplest ways that your family can follow an eco-friendly lifestyle is to say goodbye to plastic. When you get rid of this polluting substance, it reduces your family's exposure to toxins and helps save the environment. Instead, choose glass or stainless steel as substitutes. Eco-friendly containers may cost more, but they last longer and look better in the kitchen. While grocery shopping, carry your own bag instead of taking home plastic bags.
2. Garden together
Wouldn't it be fun to do something together as a family? Well, if you have a yard, ask your little ones to plant some seeds. Give them the responsibility of watering them every day under your supervision. When everyone gets involved, it becomes a fun task. The pleasure of eating your own home-grown fruits and veggies is just a side bonus. This is one of the best eco-friendly activities for the family.
3. Buy eco-friendly school supplies
If your children need school supplies, try to look for recycled notebooks and stationery. You can also find reclaimed wood pencils. If you can't come across them, ask a local store to get them for you. There's always the World Wide Web too to help you find what you need. Plus, you could get a big discount!
4. Paper is the new handy item
Paper can be used for some pretty cool home improvement items. You could always install recycled paper counter tops in the kitchen or the laundry room. They're made by pressing sheets of paper together and binding them with a resin sourced from cashew nutshells. It might sound crazy but it's totally doable and your local furniture store may stock it.
5. Bathroom tips
Having a shower saves more water than a bath in a tub. You could always recycle the water in the bath and use it for flushing the toilet. You can save even more water by skipping a shower and a tub in favour of bathing from a bucket. That way, you know exactly how much water to use. Ask your husband and children to go this route too if you want to be an eco-friendly family.
It pays to go green. The benefits are numerous, not just for the environment but for you too. You save money and benefits that you get as a family is priceless. These eco-friendly living tips may be simple but they'll make a huge difference. They could even inspire your neighbours to follow suit. If you have some awesome tips that can add value to this list, please feel free and share with us. Read more
Dr Ghouse has added a new answer
Expecting Mom due in 4 months
10 hours ago
Q. When baby movement starts??
Dr Ghouse
Paediatrician
10 hours ago
A. 5-6 months ok. if there is no relief it is better you see your doctor for proper examination particularly physical examination if there is need for doing investigations to find out the problem and treatment ok
Dr Ghouse has added a new answer
Expecting Mom due this month
10 hours ago
Q. hello dr..I am 39 weeks 3 days pregnant, AFI level 8 is this normal?and normal delivery possible for me? Is the fluid enough for up to 1 week?Do I need a drip? please suggest me.
Dr Ghouse
Paediatrician
10 hours ago
A. the levels are on the lower side. if there is no relief it is better you see your doctor for proper examination particularly physical examination if there is need for doing investigations to find out the problem and treatment ok
Sarika gupta has added a new answer
Expecting Mom due this month
9 hours ago
Q. Hi.. Priyanka kalra doctor..I am 39 weeks 3 days pregnant, AFI level 8 is this normal?and normal delivery possible for me? Is the fluid enough for up to 1 week?Do I need a drip? please suggest me.
Sarika gupta
Mom of 2 children
9 hours ago
A. Hello there ma’am please do not worry about it too much and it is quite difficult to say anything about it without personally examination and proper reports evaluation. So better to consult with your treating gynaecologist in person as she knew the exact health condition of your pregnancy and can guide you better.
Take care
Rashmi has added a new answer
Expecting Mom due this month
7 hours ago
Q. Hi, for May 1st they will check AFI fluid... should I need to be on empty bladder for that scan... which is around 37 weeks
Rashmi
Mom of a 9 yr 7 m old girl
7 hours ago
A. It’s completely normal this kind of an ultrasound is different it is not necessary that your stomach should be full or you should go empty stomach you can have your basic breakfast and all whatever you would want to eat before you go ahead with getting a scan and there is no need to go empty stomach for the scan
Rashmi has added a new answer
Guardian of 0 children
6 hours ago
Q. hi everyone..the position of my baby is still in breech position from first trimester till now as I entered in my third trimester position is still breech is it normal..
Rashmi
Mom of a 9 yr 7 m old girl
6 hours ago
A. Absolutely hundred percent normal if the child changes the position then it’s just a matter of time otherwise I would just say that sometimes kids do not change the position throughout their pregnancy so now you should just be mentally sorted to have a C-section
parminder kaur has added a new answer
Guardian of 0 children
6 hours ago
Q. Mera Mera 7th month end pe hai ab scan Karate doctor please tell me
parminder kaur
Mom of a 1 yr 1 m old boy
6 hours ago
A. yess
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