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Nuchal Translucency (NT) Scan during Pregnancy
Congenital disorders or defects are defined as disorders or defects that babies are born with, or in simpler words – birth disorders or defects. Most of the time, congenital disorders cannot be treated. However, it definitely helps to know before your baby is born, if your baby is going to have any such disorder. Diagnosis tests have hence been designed for several congenital defects. One such test is the Nuchal Translucency (NT) Scan.
What is NT Scan?
The Nuchal Translucency (NT) Scan is a prenatal screening test. It allows pregnant women to determine primarily the risk factor of their baby being born with Down's Syndrome. Down's Syndrome is a congenital defect wherein a baby is born with three copies of chromosome number 21 (instead of the normal 2 copies).
Along with this, the NT scan is also able to detect if your baby is at the risk of having few other congenital defects like other chromosomal abnormalities (particularly in chromosome number 13 and 18), and heart problems.
Remember that the NT scan is only a 'screening' test. It cannot identify with 100% accuracy whether or not your baby will be born with Down's Syndrome. It will only identify the degree of 'risk'. In other words, the NT scan gives a probability or 'chance' of your baby developing Down's Syndrome. Based on the results of the NT scan (which will be explained further in this article) your gynaec may/may not advise you to take a 'diagnostic' test. A diagnostic test will tell you with certainty whether or not your baby will develop Down's Syndrome.
How is Nuchal Translucency Scan Done?
The NT scan is basically an ultrasound test.
What is the Nuchal Translucency?
The nuchal translucency is nothing but the degree of translucency of the fluid that builds up at the back of your baby's neck (or the 'nape' of the neck), during its normal growth and development within your womb. The fluid build up is a normal process. However, the composition of this fluid – especially its thickness and translucency – is affected by chromosomal abnormalities, such as the one responsible for Down's Syndrome.
How is Nuchal Translucency Ultrasound scan done?
An NT scan is nothing but a sonography. It can be performed as a Transabdominal or Transvaginal Ultrasound.
1. Transabdominal Ultrasound:
a scoop of the ultrasound gel will be applied to your lower abdomen
the ultrasound probe is placed on the gel to 'scan' your baby
if the results of this ultrasound are not satisfactory enough for your sonographer to build a report, you may be requested to go for a transvaginal ultrasound
you need a partially full abdomen to perform this test; consult your sonographer about the amount of fluids you should consume before this test
2. Transvaginal Ultrasound: while this may sound more 'invasive', it is an assuredly safe procedure.
a thin ultrasound probe is used for this test; the probe is about 2cm thick and comes with a protective sheath which is disposable
the probe is prepared by coating it with the ultrasound gel
it is then inserted in your vagina to 'scan' the baby
while this method may provide better results, you can consult your doctor if you are uncomfortable about performing this procedure
Who Can Perform NT Scan During Pregnancy?
The NT scan is basically an ultrasound sonography. Any qualified sonographer can hence perform the test successfully. It would be best to ask your gynaec for trusted recommendations of a good sonographer. While the procedure may not seem very difficult, you cannot rely on just a technician or an assistant to perform the test.
When is NT Screening Done?
The NT scan is typically performed between the 11th and 13th week of your pregnancy. This is because – your baby's neck is still transparent till this point. It is not possible to perform the NT scan beyond 13 weeks and 6 days of pregnancy – this is the latest by which you may perform the NT scan.
Risks of NT Screening
The NT scan is a non-invasive method. No blood sample is required to perform this test, no needles are inserted in any part of your body, nor are you subjected to any kind of radiation. The NT scan is thus a very safe procedure. It does not directly adversely affect you or your baby in any way.
The only risks of NT screening are psychological – anxiety, nervousness, and fear on part of the mother may considerably affect the mother's mental state. However, you must realise that: the NT scan is only going to help you and be better prepared to take care of your baby when it comes into this world. Stay positive, and talk to your gynaec and sonographer about the test, to get answers to any questions you may have.
Nuchal Translucency Measurement Chart
In normal foetuses, the thickness of the nuchal translucency measures about 2mm. Hence, a thicker nuchal translucency is typically indicative of a higher risk of Down's Syndrome.
Foetuses with 1.3mm NT thickness are at low risk of Down's Syndrome
The normal range of NT thickness is up to 2.5mm. However, nine out of ten babies with NT thickness up to 3.5mm will be normal and will NOT suffer from Down's Syndrome. Such values for NT thickness are typically observed in foetuses between 45 and 85mm length.
If the NT thickness is up to or more than 6mm, the foetus is at high risk of Down's Syndrome
It is difficult, however, to pin a definite 'cut-off' value for the thickness of the nuchal translucency. A lot depends on the size of the foetus, the age of the mother, and other factors too. Many a time, a foetus with Down's Syndrome also produces more nuchal fluid; it might not be possible to determine the risk factor accurately in such a case.
This is why doctors may look for another indicative sign: development of the nasal bone. It has been indicated that absence of a nasal bone suggests a high risk of Down's Syndrome too.
How Accurate is Nuchal Translucency Test
As previously explained, the NT scan only predicts how likely you are to give birth to a baby with Down's Syndrome. It is not a 'diagnostic' test, but merely a screening.
If you consider the nuchal translucency measurement figures discussed above, you will realise that the NT scan is not highly accurate.
If your baby is at a high or low risk of developing Down's Syndrome according to the NT scan, you may be advised to undertake a 'diagnostic' test for Down's Syndrome. It will tell you with certainty whether your baby will be affected or not.
The diagnostic test for Down's Syndrome is a blood test. It involves measurement of levels of two hormones: Human chronic gonadotropin (hCG) and Pregnancy Associated Plasma Protein A (PAPP-A).
A normal foetus produces and releases these two hormones in the mother's bloodstream. Level of these hormones can indicate whether your baby has Down's Syndrome or not.
The NT scan on its own is about 70 to 75% accurate; however, combined with a blood test, its accuracy can increase up to 90%.
Who Should Go for Nuchal Translucency Screening?
Mothers who have previously given birth to a baby with Down's Syndrome, are at a higher risk of doing so a second time. It is highly advisable for such women to undertake an NT scan.
The risk factor for Down's Syndrome increases with maternal age. While 1 in 1500 babies born to women in their 20s will develop Down's Syndrome, this chance increases when we consider women in their 40s: a 40-year old woman has a 1 in 100 chance that she might give birth to a baby with Down's Syndrome, while a 45-year old woman has a 1 in 50 chance. Mothers are advised to go for the NT screening accordingly.
Why Should You Have Nuchal Translucency Ultrasound?
As a mother, it is understandable that you would be wary of getting any 'tests' done. Any test you are advised to take will get you feeling concerned about your baby's safety first and foremost, followed by your own safety. The previous sections of the article might have assured you about the safety aspect of the NT scan. Yet the question remains: why should you have nuchal translucency ultrasound done?
The NT scan – along with identifying the risk factor for Down's Syndrome can detect several other things:
Risk factor for Patau Syndrome (a congenital defect where the baby is born with three copies of chromosome number 13, instead of the normal three copies.)
Risk Factor for Edward's Syndrome (a congenital defect where the baby is born with three copies of chromosome number 18, instead of the normal three copies.)
Risk factor for physical conditions like congenital heart problems.
The NT scan can thus better equip you in terms of knowledge to make your choice about whether you want to continue your pregnancy or not.
NOTE: The Medical Termination of Pregnancy Act, 1971, allows a woman to medically terminate her pregnancy (i.e. have an abortion) up to the 20th week of pregnancy, provided that continuing the pregnancy might prove fatal to her or the baby, or if there is considerable risk of the baby being born with physical and/or mental handicap that will prevent it from having a quality life. It is strongly advised that you seek legal counselling and guidance before taking any step.
In most cases, it will not be required of the mother to take such a drastic decision – nature has its own way of taking care of the situation. About 50% of foetuses that have Down's Syndrome do not complete full term and are spontaneously naturally aborted. Hence chances of you giving birth to a baby with Down's Syndrome are much smaller than chances of such a foetus completing full term in the first place.
However, should your pregnancy continue successfully and you give birth to a baby with Down's Syndrome, then prenatal screening tests for Down's Syndrome can actually help you better prepare yourself for the upbringing of such a baby. Management of Down's Syndrome can be quite challenging, especially for parents who have no prior experience of dealing with such a baby, and it always helps to be informed beforehand.
Also Read: Doppler Scan During Pregnancy Read more
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Preeclampsia in Pregnancy
Preeclampsia is a disease that affects pregnant women and has been known to cause issues such as poor liver function and fluid in the lungs. Apart from affecting the mother, it also has the potential to cause debilitating complications for the child such as cerebral palsy, blindness and deafness.
What is Preeclampsia?
Formerly called Toxemia Pregnancy, preeclampsia is a pregnancy complication that appears during the last trimester and can lead to issues such as kidney damage and high blood pressure. Mothers-to-be may not display any symptoms if they are afflicted by preeclampsia which is why most doctors insist on checking on your blood pressure during every visit to the clinic. If the blood pressure is high, they will suggest a urine test to check the protein levels in it.
It can also happen during the second half of the pregnancy or anytime up to six weeks post-delivery. Once detected, it needs immediate treatment as it could lead to other health problems like eclampsia and HELLP syndrome (where HELLP stands for Hemolysis, Elevated Liver enzymes, and Low Platelet count).
Causes of Preeclampsia
A reduced blood flow towards the placenta is one of the primary causes of preeclampsia and there are no visible symptoms. This happens when the placenta does not place itself properly in the uterus lining and the dilation of the arteries in that area is not enough. Diabetes and chronic hypertension prior to pregnancy could also be reasons for less blood flow to the placenta.
It has also been found that when there is a variation in the blood flow to the placenta, certain placental proteins are released into the bloodstream in large volumes. Because of this, the following reactions are triggered off in your body:
The blood vessel walls are damaged which leads to swelling of the body and an increase in the level of protein in the urine.
Blood vessels constrict, thus leading to high blood pressure
Preeclampsia can be also be caused due to other factors such as auto-immune disorders, genetic factors, diet and blood vessel related issues. Your immune system and its reaction to the pregnancy is also thought to be one of the causes of preeclampsia.
Signs and Symptoms of Preeclampsia
Preeclampsia may or may not display any noticeable symptoms and even when it does, the symptoms may differ from one woman to another. People often get confused as preeclampsia has symptoms similar to the normal symptoms of pregnancy such as nausea, weight gain, and swelling. The early stages of preeclampsia may not be typically noticeable and thus need careful monitoring during visits to the doctor.
Speak to your doctor if you notice any unusual swelling in any part of your body as it could be related to preeclampsia swelling. Watch out for the following:
Swelling of hands and fingers
Excessive swelling of feet and ankles
Swelling of the face and neck or puffiness around the eyes
Rapid increase of weight in a short period of a week or a fortnight
It is to be noted that every pregnant woman who gains rapid weight or has swelling may not be affected by preeclampsia, and the causes for her condition could be different.
Many pregnant women who are affected by preeclampsia have also experienced symptoms like headaches that do not seem to subside and altered vision. Your doctor may also advise urine and blood tests to check the protein level in urine, platelet level and any abnormality of liver enzymes.
Abdominal pain, slower reflexes, less or no urine, nausea and vomiting, and dizziness are also common symptoms associated with preeclampsia. You should ensure that your blood pressure remains in the range of 140/90 and any increase or decrease of these levels warrants a quick visit to the doctor. Regular checks of blood and urine should keep you updated on this.
The following signs are warning signs that could signal preeclampsia:
Difficulty in breathing
Vomiting or nausea (especially when it happens in the 2nd or 3rd trimester)
Temporary vision loss, extreme light sensitivity, double vision or blurriness
Pain in upper abdomen
Who is at the Risk of Getting Preeclampsia?
Those who have had preeclampsia during their first pregnancy are more likely to develop it during subsequent pregnancies. The risk of developing preeclampsia is higher depending on the severity of the condition and when it appears during pregnancy. This could mean that if you have contracted preeclampsia prior to 29 weeks of your pregnancy, then there is a 40% higher chance of contracting it in a later pregnancy.
Though scientific evidence is lacking, Preeclampsia has a high incidence rate among pregnant teens. One study suggests that lack of prenatal care from unwanted pregnancies leaves pregnant teens vulnerable.
Preeclampsia is high among pregnant women above 40 as it puts excess strain on their bodies and may kickstart underlying medical conditions.
Generally, obese women with a Body Mass Index (BMI) of over 30 have an increased risk of preeclampsia as obesity aggravates blood pressure.
Diagnosis
During your scheduled appointments with the doctor, your blood pressure and urine will be under immense scrutiny. Elevated levels of blood pressure and protein in urine are likely to show the presence of preeclampsia. To diagnose preeclampsia, either of the following complications should be present post the 20th week of pregnancy:
Low platelet count
Proteinuria (Protein traces in urea)
Pulmonary oedema (Fluids in lungs)
Weakened liver function
Headaches that have recently begun
During earlier times, it was considered that preeclampsia could happen only if the patient was diagnosed with high blood pressure and if the protein was detected in urine. However, modern doctors are now aware that preeclampsia could occur even if none of its common symptoms are detected.
If your doctor suspects preeclampsia, the following tests may be required:
Protein in Urine:
Your doctor will ask for a urine test that can detect the presence of protein in your urine sample. If this initial test is positive, you will be advised to collect urine after 24 hours so that it can be sent for testing. Known as the most dependable and accurate test for preeclampsia, the presence of 300 mg and above of protein in the urine is a sure sign of preeclampsia.
Monitoring of Blood Pressure:
If your systolic reading is higher than 140 or the diastolic reading is lower than 90, your blood pressure is higher than normal. Since blood pressure fluctuates as per time of the day, your doctor will ask you to check it at different times to confirm that it is high. This is also a reliable pointer towards the diagnosis of preeclampsia for a pregnant woman.
Protein-Creatinine Ratio:
Creatinine is a waste product of the body that is filtered out by the kidney along with other wastes. The Protein-Creatinine ratio is a urine test that checks the presence of this waste product and hence the doctor can understand if the kidney functioning is normal. This test needs one random sample which is better than collecting the 24-hour urine for the urine test. If your test shows the presence of 0.3 mg/dl, it can be concluded that you have been afflicted by preeclampsia.
Foetal Ultrasound:
This test is generally recommended to monitor your baby’s growth closely using the ultrasound method. In this manner, the doctor can estimate the foetal weight and gauge the level of amniotic fluid in the uterus.
Non-stress Test:
This test involves a simple procedure that helps to check the baby’s heart rate and its reaction to movement.
Biophysical Profile:
In this test, an ultrasound is conducted to measure the foetal breathing, movement, muscle tone and the amniotic fluid volume in the mother’s uterus.
Complications
Complications of preeclampsia are rare but they can quickly develop into life-threatening problems such as a low platelet count and a breakdown of red blood cells. Regular monitoring and quick diagnosis can ensure the complications do not grow and the condition is arrested in time.
Complications for the mother:
The following problems can affect the mother if she has been diagnosed with preeclampsia:
Eclampsia: This involves an involuntary contraction of the muscles and can be described as a fit or a convulsion that pregnant women can have. It can occur after the 20th week or immediately after delivery. During the fit which last for less than a minute, the mother can experience repetitive movements of the arms, legs or neck and she could also lose consciousness.
Stroke: When blood supply to the brain is reduced due to high blood pressure, it can cause cerebral haemorrhage, commonly known as stroke. In this case, the brain does not receive the necessary oxygen from the blood causing the cells to die and thus leading to brain damage or in certain cases, death.
Blood clotting: Medically known as Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation. In this condition, the mother’s blood clotting capacity is severely affected. Here, there is heavy bleeding since the protein level in the blood has drastically fallen or there are a number of blood clots as the proteins have become highly active.
Complications for the baby:
If the mother is diagnosed with preeclampsia, the baby can face the following health issues:
Since there is a low supply of oxygen and nutrients to the baby during preeclampsia, such babies will be smaller in size. This is especially true if preeclampsia occurs prior to 37 weeks of pregnancy. In case the preeclampsia is diagnosed as severe, the doctor may take the decision to deliver the baby earlier. This can lead to breathing difficulties in the baby since the lungs are not fully developed. In some cases, the baby could be stillborn due to early delivery.
What is HELLP Syndrome and Pregnancy Eclampsia?
The HELLP syndrome is a rare blood clotting and liver disorder that is a severe version of pregnancy eclampsia. It is most likely to strike post-delivery, but cases have also been seen after 20 weeks and sometimes before 20 weeks too. The acronym HELLP stands for each of the conditions:
H is for Haemolysis during which time the red blood cells in the bloodstream break down.
EL stands for Elevated Liver enzymes which is a sign of damage to the liver.
LP is for Low Platelet count which is responsible for clotting of blood.
Treatment for Preeclampsia when Pregnant
If you are 37 weeks pregnant or more, labour will be induced especially when the cervix has dilated well. The doctor may also opt for a C-section if they feel that you or your baby will be unable to withstand the pressures of a normal delivery.
Treatment of Severe Preeclampsia
You could be asked to remain at the hospital for regular monitoring if you are diagnosed with severe preeclampsia. A preeclampsia specialist could be assigned to you to give you special care and help in the management of preeclampsia. Medication will be administered to lower blood pressure along with an intravenous infusion of magnesium sulphate to help prevent seizures.
What if Preeclampsia Develops During Labour or After Labour?
If you are diagnosed with preeclampsia during or after labour, monitoring your condition will be of high priority. You will have to stay back at the hospital for a few more days to avoid any further complications that could develop if your blood pressure rises or you get seizures. You will be given magnesium sulphate for up to 24 hours after the delivery to avoid seizures. If you go home, you will have to report back with blood pressure checks conducted for at least a week.
Effects of Preeclampsia on Future Pregnancy
Preeclampsia or toxaemia in pregnancy is a serious condition. However, the mother continues to live with its effects and the risk remains. The effects of preeclampsia on your organs may take at least six weeks to get resolved after delivery. Studies have also shown that there is also an increased risk of hypertension, Type 2 Diabetes, stroke and heart disease. The toxaemia in pregnancy affects the baby by limiting the supply of nutrients to the baby which can change their structure and metabolism. This could lead to coronary heart disease and related disorders including diabetes, stroke and hypertension.
How to Prevent Preeclampsia
Getting prenatal care and not missing on any of your appointments is the key to prevention of preeclampsia. You will have to keep a close watch on your blood pressure and the protein content in your urine to keep toxaemia health-related issues away. As soon as the first signs of preeclampsia are visible, alert your doctor so treatment can be started without any delay. Depending on the severity of the condition, the number of weeks and the baby’s condition, your doctor will decide the line of treatment. This will include numerous urine tests and blood pressure monitoring.
Preeclampsia is one of the foremost causes of maternal mortality and causes foetal mortality as well. However, close monitoring of health conditions of women with a history of high blood pressure and hypertension can be helpful in managing preeclampsia.
Also Read: Cramping During Pregnancy Read more
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8 Healthy Snacks You Should Give to Your Toddler Anytime He is Hungry
Toddlers are little balls of energy, and so naturally they feel hungry several times a day. But, because their little tummies can’t hold heavy meals, they need two to three snacks between their meals to keep themselves energized and satiated all day long. If you have a toddler in your house, we are sure you must be doing enough and more to cater to his dietary needs. However, the real struggle comes in when your little one demands sugary or fried foods too often. While it is okay to oblige every now and then, especially when he is tearing the house down with a tantrum, these foods can form unhealthy eating habits.
If you give in to his demands now and then, it is fine, but don’t make it a habit. Since it’s your toddler we are talking about, you know well that not just any snack will do – it has to be healthy!
8 Healthy Snacks You Can Give to Your Toddler When He Feels Hungry
When your little one says he is hungry and you are juggling ten things at once, handing him a biscuit or a slice of cake would seem like an easy solution, but it won’t do any good to his body – not today and not in future. That’s why it's time to introduce the concept of healthy snacking to him.
1. Carrot Sticks
Carrots are a good source of Vitamin A, beta-carotene, potassium, dietary fibre, and antioxidants. Ideally, eating raw carrots is the best way to avail their nutritional benefits, but since your toddler can’t chew on hard or crunchy foods (think nuts, raw carrots, or seeds) now – you can plan recipes around carrots. And baked carrot sticks qualify!
To make baked carrot sticks, take two medium-sized carrots (washed and peeled). Cut their ends then cut them into sticks. Preheat an oven to 180°C. Place the carrot sticks on a baking sheet, then toss some olive oil and sprinkle some salt as per taste. Bake for about 25 minutes then serve warm. Your little Bugs Bunny will enjoy eating soft and (a bit) sweet carrot sticks!
2. Whole Grain Snacks
For the sake of your toddler’s health, you have to work whole grains into his snacks. Whole grains contain fibre, magnesium, and B vitamins – all of which are important for your child’s health. There are a lot of options in whole grain snacks - whole grain crackers, cereals, or bread. Give these to your child with his favourite dip, and he won’t say no! You can also prepare a batch of ragi cookies to avoid hunger-induced meltdowns. Better yet, keep Timios Zookers handy, which are made with whole grains like wheat, ragi, oats, and cornflour, and are enriched with natural fruits and vegetables. They do not contain any additives or colour and can be eaten directly. Zookers are a perfect healthy snacks that you can give to your child!
3. Yoghurt
Yoghurt, being a dairy product, is high in calcium, which your toddler needs for the healthy development of his bones. Plus, it is packed with protein, which can keep your child satiated for long. The probiotics present in yoghurt will also strengthen his digestive tract. You can either give plain yoghurt to your little tot or add small chopped fruits or whole-grain cereals to it to make it more colourful and nutritious! But keep away those flavoured yoghurt buckets available in the market from your child as they pack in a lot of sugar and are unhealthy too.
4. Fresh Fruits
Now, these are obvious, and we don’t need to remind you why fresh fruits should be your child’s mid-morning or 4 pm snack. But if you haven’t included fruits in his diet lately, then he might be missing on a lot of nutrients. Fresh fruits contain loads of vitamins, minerals, and fibre. Although they have natural sugar in them, it can be balanced by the fibre present in the whole fruit. You can offer your child a variety of fruits and let him take his pick. Cut that fruit into small pieces – a plate full of colourful fruits is sure to appeal to him! If your little one has already started going to playschool, you can give him Timios Mini Oaty Bites that are made of nuts, oats, dates and berries. Mini Oaty Bites have no added preservatives or artificial flavours; and they would make for a perfect snack for toddlers and preschoolers. Cut fruits can get spoiled in the lunch box, but these oaty bites won’t. Pack these in his lunch box now and then – he will love receiving tasty surprises!
5. Boiled Veggies
If your child refuses to eat his share of veggies at mealtimes, try introducing them at snack time – when he is super hungry. You can boil veggies like broccoli, carrots, and peas and place them on the sandwich in a cute way to get your child to eat veggies without complaining. At times, try a colourful salad with these veggies. Take mashed peas, diced and boiled carrots and beetroot, and steamed broccoli in a bowl. Sprinkle some herbs and salt, add in grated cheese, and a dash of olive oil, and toss. Since your toddler is too small to chew on hard veggies, you can give him mashed or grated vegetables.
6. Dry Fruits
Dry fruits are a rich source of minerals, vitamins, and essential fats. Dried fruits like dates and raisins are rich in natural sugars, so you can give them as a mid-morning snack to your kiddo to provide him with the energy he needs for the day ahead. Note: you can give him finely chopped dates, prunes, apricots, or raisins if he is over the age of two. Make sure you cut the dry fruits up into small pieces, or they might prove to be a choking hazard. Dry fruits are healthy when consumed in moderate amounts. If you are looking for more options in healthy snacks, pick whole grain snacks, paneer cubes, or fresh fruits. They make for perfect 11 am and 4 pm snacks - plus your little tot won't say no to these tasty snacks!
7. Boiled Eggs
The ease of cooking them plus the nutrients they offer, make boiled eggs a perfect breakfast and snack. Eggs pack in protein, Vitamin B12, and fats – the three nutrients which are necessary for a child’s healthy development. You can give your child soft boiled eggs whenever he feels hungry. However, if you have never introduced eggs to him before, do it slowly and look out for the signs of an allergy. Follow the 3-day rule and give him boiled eggs three days in a row. Once you are sure that he is not allergic to eggs, you can give them as snacks more often.
8. Cottage Cheese
Cottage cheese (paneer) is an excellent source of protein and calcium, which a growing toddler needs. Whenever your child feels hungry and comes running to you asking for snacks, give him paneer cubes. Cottage cheese is a rich source of Vitamin B12 and can meet the fat requirements of your little one. But if your child doesn’t like the taste of plain paneer, you can give him pan-fried paneer cubes with a dash of salt.
There are plenty of unhealthy snacks that will tempt your child. You can give in to his desires once in a while, but don’t make it a habit. Give him these healthy and tasty snacks instead to keep him satiated for long and to get him into a habit of healthy eating from an early age. Read more
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Does Essential Oils Help to Induce Labour?
Having a baby can be an emotive roller coaster – exciting, intense, scary, amazing, all rolled into one. Most expecting mothers may like to consider natural ways to ease their discomfort during labour. Essential oils can be one such natural means to not only combat labour pain but also to induce it. They are generally considered safe and are quite easy to use. However, it may be best to implement them only after consulting an OB/GYN.
What is the Induction of Labour?
Labour induction is a method of stimulating childbirth which can be brought about by drug treatment or non-pharmaceutical procedures. The labour processes like breaking of water, the opening of the cervix, starting contractions are usually triggered artificially. A pregnant woman who is overdue or has certain health conditions may be offered induction of labour to rule out any likely risk to her health as well as her baby’s. In such an incidence, she may not be able to select the process of induction. But some moms-to-be can opt for it voluntarily too. In any case, it is always advisable to discuss with an OB the possibility of applying essential oils in the instance of being medically induced.
Should You Use Essential Oils for Inducing Labour?
Essential oils can benefit an expectant mom in ways modern medicine may fail. Essential oils can be a great opportunity when practising elective induction, particularly in less risky pregnancies. Some of its advantages may include:
1. It Soothes
Essential oils are believed to calm both the mind and body of an expectant mom thus making the labour process easy.
2. It Energizes
During labour, a lot of energy gets consumed usually leaving a pregnant woman drained and exhausted. Essential oils may not only alleviate some of the pain but also help a pregnant woman to feel energised and more focussed to push effectively.
3. It Relaxes
These oils can help generate the feelings of relaxation and peacefulness which can be primarily useful in a volatile situation like labour. They can create a sense of control given the unpredictable nature of the labour process.
4. It Heals
These oils may encourage the course of healing naturally by taking the edge off postpartum emotions like depression. They may thus promote the overall well-being of new mothers by helping them become fitter faster.
Which Essential Oils are Good for Labour Induction?
Some of the best essential oils for labour induction are:
1. Lavender Oil
Lavender oil is a versatile oil known for its many health benefits.
Pros
Lavender oil can successfully calm and relax a woman during labour thereby reducing an otherwise distressing process. Only two drops of this magical oil can shorten the duration of labour at every stage of its development. You can also start using the oil towards the end of the third trimester to set the stage and lessen feelings of anxiety.
Cons
Lavender oil can cause burning if used undiluted. It can also prompt nausea if used in large quantities.
2. Clary Sage Oil
Aromatherapists popularly use it for medicinal purposes.
Pros
The oil may allow the muscles to release tension and relax thus naturally charging up contractions. It can also bring about relief from pain and uneasiness. Moreover, it doesn’t possess an overwhelming scent.
Cons
Since it works fast, it is recommended to use it only for induction in the supervision of a doctor. It should not be applied neat.
3. Jasmine Oil
It is a widely used natural remedy for dealing with emotional stress and anxiety.
Pros
Jasmine oil, with its sweet alluring smell, can offer pain relief during each phase of labour thus hastening it with relative comfort. It can also intensify contractions and ensure smooth advancement of labour.
Cons
It should be used only for labour induction and not in pregnancy. Some women may find its sweet smell irritating.
4. Rose Oil
It is commonly recognised for its healing properties.
Pros
The aromatic oil can work swiftly to help proceed labour faster by stepping up the contractions. It can also provide quick relief from pain.
Cons
It should not be applied neat. Some women may feel repulsed by its sweet smell.
5. Frankincense Oil
It is well identified for its potential health assistances like relieving chronic stress and reducing pain.
Pros
It can prevent damage to the perineum and help diminish the pain during labour. Its calming abilities can foster relaxed muscles and hurry the contractions.
Cons
It is not suggested to use it undiluted.
6. Evening Primrose Oil
It is a potent healing essential oil as it contains gamma-linolenic acid.
Pros
It can have a significant impact on softening the cervix which is usually the first step in labour induction. It can further fasten the progression of labour. It can also prove useful in managing postpartum feelings.
Cons
It can cause thinning of the blood. It can also give rise to digestive issues or headaches during labour.
7. Peppermint Oil
It is known to be valuable in treating several health conditions.
Pros
Its use can bring immediate relief from pain. It can also help in combating nausea during labour. Its merits can extend even after childbirth for postpartum conditions.
Cons
Some people can find its scent a bit overpowering.
8. Geranium Oil
It is acknowledged for improving the mental, physical and emotional health.
Pros
Most people find its earthy, nutty scent comforting. Therefore it can relax the tense muscle and re-energise sparking off the labour process.
Cons
Some people may have issues with its smell.
How to Use Essential Oil for Induction of Labour?
You can use the following blends of essential oils for labour induction:
1. Rose and Clay Sage Oil Blend
This blend has a divine scent which can work wonders.
Ingredients
Rose oil
Clary sage oil
Sweet almond oil
Vanilla oil
Method
Combine a few drops of rose oil, clary sage oil, sweet almond oil.
Next, add the vanilla oil.
Apply the mix on the tummy to bring forth contractions.
2. Lavender Oil Blend
This fantastic blend can work wonderfully to boost things naturally.
Ingredients
Lavender oil- two drops
Chamomile oil- a drop
Shea butter
Method
Mix all the ingredients.
Apply twice in a day, preferably morning and evening, to relax and calm the stressed muscles.
3. Peppermint Oil Blend
This fantastic blend can keep the pain and anxiety in check ensuring comfort and relaxation.
Ingredients
Peppermint oil
Chamomile oil
Frankincense oil
Coconut oil
Method
Merge all the elements properly.
Apply the blend on the aching body parts to get respite.
Ways to Apply Essential Oils to Induce Labour
Some of the ways you can apply essential oils for labour pain can be as follows:
1. Diffusers
Some essential oils like rose oil, peppermint oil, chamomile oil, lavender oil, Ylang Ylang oil, orange oil do better in diffusers. Merely place a diffuser beside your bed and pour a few drops of your preferred essential oil in it. You may also opt for a portable diffuser so that you can carry it along with you.
2. Topical Application
Dilute a couple of drops of your chosen essential oil by mixing a carrier oil like olive oil, sweet almond oil, coconut oil or jojoba and apply it on the neck, shoulders and stomach to calm and soothe your senses.
Things to Keep in Mind While Using Essential Oil for Labour Induction
Certain things that you may like to keep in mind while using essential oils for labour and delivery are:
Be sure that you use only pure and therapeutic grade oils.
It may bear well to have a doctor around when you use essential oil for labour induction as a precautionary measure.
All essential oils may not suit you. Find out which one will help your situation the most.
Always remember to dilute the oil before applying it topically.
Refrain from over-using it. One or two drops are generally enough when applying topically and three or four drops while diffusing.
Natural birthing options are gaining popularity among pregnant women as it is beneficial for both the baby and the mom. Essential oils can be a safe technique to support the progression of labour without any side-effects. This way, an expectant mother can avoid medications and experience a stress-free delivery.
Also Read:
How Reflexology Helps to Induce Labour
What kind of Interventions Done in Labour and Delivery
Type of Dress You Should Wear for Labour and Delivery Read more
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Is Investing in Silver Worth It?
Many people prefer buying silver jewellery or investing in paper silver. Unlike any other metal, silver finds its use in a wide range of applications starting from industrial to medical as well. It’s increased demand and decreasing availability combined with an easy affordability has made it the preferred choice of investment for many people. But should you invest in silver? Let’s take a look at some silver investing tips and help you decide for yourself.
Reasons Why You Should Invest in Silver
Silver is the most popular investment in India and there are a host of options and instruments widely available in the market. Let us look at the reasons why investing in silver is a good idea for you:
1. Diversification of Funds
If you are looking at diversifying your portfolio to mitigate risks arising from geopolitical situations, silver is your best bet. Like its counterpart gold, silver is valued and known for its consistent purchasing power for long periods of time.
2. Displays a Positive Correlation to Inflation
The danger of inflation is ever-present. Silver is the only metal that is seen to correlate to inflation positively. Investing in silver to keep your funds safe during the event of an economic turmoil is considered a good idea.
3. Affordability
It is a widely known fact that the humble white metal, silver, is the choice of the masses for its affordability. You can invest in silver with very little money. Psychologically, silver is more achievable for small investors than any other precious metal.
4. In an Unstable Market, Silver Fetches More Money than Gold
The price of silver has historically seen greater mobility than gold prices. This means that during unstable market conditions, silver would fetch you a good return than gold.
5. Always in Demand
Especially in India, silver has always seen a surge in demand amongst the people for the making of ornaments and jewellery. Of late, the silver market has seen a huge demand coming from industrial sectors who need it for their production. Since the rule is to invest in assets that have a demand in the market, silver is the perfect choice.
6. Demand and Supply Rules
With the increase in demand for silver over the recent years, the availability of the silver is decreasing considerably. Over the long run, as supply dwindles, the price of silver will shoot up to fill in the gap between supply and demand. Long term investors are sure to gain financially with such an increase in the price.
7. Predictable Timings of the Market
Precious metals gain prominence in India especially during the wedding and festival seasons. Since these are dependent on certain dates and months, it is easier to predict the market outcome of silver.
8. No Need for Bank Accounts
A majority of the population in India does not have any bank accounts that are needed to trade in other assets or markets. Investing in silver for buying and selling is generally hassle free and does not need any bank accounts to be opened for that purpose. This is a preferred choice of investing for many people in India.
9. No Worrying about Storing the Metal
It's quite easy to store silver at home. While storing silver coins or bars, ensure that they are kept in cloth pouches and don't bang into other items. You shouldn't store this metal in an area of high humidity or high heat. So, keep it in a safe or your cupboard and don't worry about it too much.
10. Ready Liquidity
In case there is an emergency in the family, you can always look up to your silver investment, encash it and get ready money. Also, at times when the currency value falls, your silver investment will hold fort and not depreciate, giving you confidence.
Things to Consider Before Investing in Silver
Now that you are almost set to make your purchase in silver, let us quickly brief you on certain points that you need to carefully consider before you visit a silver jewellery shop.
1. Gold Always Retains its Superiority
Gold never fails to shine and keeps everyone captivated. It can be passed on to your next generation and will still hold its value irrespective of any political situation.
2. Keep Your Guards On
Ignorance while trading in precious metals can be fatal. Investing in silver needs a lot of ground work before you take the plunge. Being high on affordability, people generally go that way of investing with their money but they get duped by unscrupulous dealers. Know the market and make a wise choice.
3. Know Yourself
Before you invest in silver, sit down with a paper and pen and list down the objective of why you would like to invest in this particular metal. Depending on whether you want to protect yourself against inflation or simply seek a much safer-haven, you have to plan your investment accordingly. At the end of the day, you should stand to gain from the investment rather than lose out on your hard-earned money.
4. Considering Your Portfolio is a Good Idea
It would be wise to know how much of your portfolio you would like to invest in silver. The price of silver would certainly bounce around with the changing dynamics of the market. You need to really have a good eye on the market to be able to invest in silver wisely.
5. Understanding Your Investment
One thing you should know is that silver, while you are holding it, will not generate any income for you. Only when you plan to sell it in the market, the government will levy a tax on such a gain as is prevalent at that time.
6. Know the Bullion
Silver is sold in coins and bars in the market. They come in different sizes and shapes. They can also be stored like jewellery. All these forms have a different rate. It would do you good if you know the rates of these forms of silver before you invest to get the maximum benefit out of them.
7. Research Before You Buy Rare Coins
The key to buying rare coins is searching for a dealer whom you can trust and who has a good market credibility. The price of these coins depends on their rarity and their condition. Be absolutely sure about the rare coins before you proceed to invest in them.
8. Understand Market Dynamics of Pricing
The spot-price is defined as the current market price of silver that you can encash immediately. Your profit would be the difference in the buying and selling price. As silver prices fluctuate constantly, it would be prudent to analyse the fluctuations over a period of time before you plan to invest in them.
9. Look for a Genuine Dealer
Before investing in silver, look for a genuine dealer who has a good reputation in the market. This will help you stay away from shady people.
10. Timing of Investment
Purchasing or making an investment at the right time is as important as deciding to invest in the metal. The mantra to get a good profit on your investment is to buy silver at a low price and sell it when the price is high. Analysis is the key to get the timing right. Make an informed decision by keeping a tab on the price fluctuations in the market.
11. Understand the Lingo
The quality of the metal varies and so does the price. Invest in good quality silver for long-term investment benefits.
12. Storing the Metal
Investing in silver metal would need some storage space to keep them safe. If they are valuable then your insurance agent might want to increase their premium. Consider renting out a locker at the bank to store the silvers.
13. Consider Avoiding the Lucrative Deal of the Day Tactics
Don’t fall for the tempting deal that the dealers offer usually throughout or at the end of the day. They are good for them, not for customers.
14. Ever-Present Risk of Counterfeit Products
Currently, there are a lot of counterfeit silver coins in circulation in the market. Remember to deal only with reliable dealers to save yourself form an imminent loss.
Various Forms of Silver Investment
1. Physical Silver Investment
Silver is a popular investment instrument in India and can be stored in three different forms.
Silver Bars: You can buy them from reputed dealers. Always check for the purity of these silver bars or ingots.
Silver Jewellery: The most popular form of buying silver is in the form of purchasing jewellery. You can buy them in any store.
Silver Coins: These also can be bought from dealers. The prices of these coins differ depending on whether they are historic coins, junk coins or newly launched in the market.
2. Paper and Silver-Backed Investment
The wide popularity of silver as a traded metal opens up the opportunity of it being traded on paper.
Silver ETFs: Also known as exchange traded funds, they can be bought at exchanges.
Silver Futures: These are similar to the concept of gambling and are available at all major exchanges.
Silver Mining Shares: You can invest in companies that mine silver. As the price of silver moves upward, so does your share value in these companies.
Possible Risks of Silver Investment
Trading in any precious metal carries a certain amount of risk. Investing in silver is no different. Let us look at some of the risks that are associated with Silver Investment.
1. Fluctuating Prices
The price of silver can fluctuate for no apparent reasons. You will surely be affected if you trade in margins, that is, if you buy silver from the market with borrowed money and then sell it.
2. Risks of Storing
Investing in tangible silver comes with the risk of storing them. You would need to have a safe place where you can store the silver bars and coins. A dealer can store them for you at an extra cost.
3. Risk of Fraud
Silver trading is guided by the policies set by the government from time to time. As such, all the dealers would offer more or less the same price for silver in the market. Resist the temptation of running into fraudulent transactions by trading with reputed dealers only.
4. Market Risk
Since silver is a metal, it is subject to mining and refining before it is brought to the market. Some of the mining happens in very remote places that can be affected by adverse political and natural events. This causes the producer to suffer losses, negatively influencing the company’s stocks.
FAQs
1. Is Silver Investment Better than Gold Investment?
Ye,s silver investment is better than gold investment due to its affordability and reasonable liquidity.
2. Is Investing in Silver a Long-Term Investment?
It depends on the risk appetite of the individual. Silver can be traded both as a short- and long-term investment.
3. Can I Invest in Silver with Very Little Money?
Yes, you can invest in silver even with very little money and gradually increase your investment once you start reaping the profits.
4. Are Silver Bars Tax-Free?
Silver given or received as a gift is tax-free. However, if you trade in silver, then it would be considered as capital gains and taxed as per the existing rates determined by the government.
5. Is There Silver ETF in India?
No, there is no Silver ETF option available in India at present.
A little money saved and invested goes a long way in securing your family’s future. Ensure that you make an informed decision when investing in silver and sit back and see your funds grow.
Also Read:
Reasons Why You Should Invest in Real Estate
Smart Ways to Invest Your Money and Minimize Risks
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Dr Ghouse has added a new answer
Guardian of 0 children
10 hours ago
Q. #asktheexpert
why baby vomit
Dr Ghouse
Paediatrician
10 hours ago
A. for babies less than 6 months may not be a problem. small babies will be having lot of gas because of various reasons it is advisable to do burping of the baby immediately after feeding please give colimex DF drops to the baby they are safe
Dr Laxmi Chavan-Sawant has added a new answer
Expecting Mom due in 1 month
10 hours ago
Q. i am 35 weeks 3 days pregnant... my ultrasound report shows that "fl and hl are shorter compared to bpd"... is this anything to worry
Dr Laxmi Chavan-Sawant
Ayurvedic Gynaecologist
5 hours ago
A. You should have proper consultation with your treating doctor , as some examination or investigations may be needful, so that proper medications can be given And the treatment can be done very properly.
needs proper follow-up for this
Dr Laxmi Chavan-Sawant has added a new answer
Guardian of 0 children
10 hours ago
Q. I am 9 week pregnant and I have runny nose very badly can I use cetirizine tablet?
Dr Laxmi Chavan-Sawant
Ayurvedic Gynaecologist
5 hours ago
A. use nasal drops , that acts faster .
You should have proper consultation with your treating doctor , as some examination or investigations may be needful, so that proper medications can be given And the treatment can be done very properly.
Dr Laxmi Chavan-Sawant has added a new answer
Trying To Conceive
10 hours ago
Q. hi,
my LT 10x18mm and RT 18x20mm and ET 6.5 , what if I intercourse after 2 days, can I do intercourse in ovulation day can become a pregent .
on ovulation day if we intercourse can become a pregent..pls advice..
Dr Laxmi Chavan-Sawant
Ayurvedic Gynaecologist
5 hours ago
A. since the follicle size is 18 to 20 mm your ovulation may occur within 24 hours also so if you have intercourse with in that time it will be more effective to get conceived
your endometrial growth is not good enough for conception but still you can just try
Sai Prasanthi R L has added a new answer
Guardian of 0 children
9 hours ago
Q. Hlw dr its my 6th month pregnency can i intimate with my partner
Sai Prasanthi R L
Mom of a 10 yr 2 m old boy
8 hours ago
A. Hello dear! If your pregnancy is going on fine without any high risk factors then it’s okay. Still, would advise you to check with your doctor once before going further. Maintain a good personal hygiene routine and a healthy lifestyle
Dr Disha Patel has added a new answer
Expecting Mom due in 6 months
5 hours ago
Q. can I take medicine pcm n citrazene in pregnancy fir sore throats n fever
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A. dear mom.
better to take tab pcm for time being n do take steam inhakation couple of tines a day, follpw good home renedies for cold, taje more rest .
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